Biotin is also called vitamin B7, vitamin B8 or vitamin H. Biotin is a water soluble compound and is colorless in appearance. Overall eight different types of biotin exist but only Biotin-D occurs naturally with its complete vitamin activity. It is mainly synthesized by mold, algae, bacteria, yeast and some plant species. There are different methods used to find the vitamins in nutrients and samples. This article is composed of the comprehensive review of the competitive techniques and various methods for the assay of biotin. High-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC), microbiological analysis and HPLC producer are adopted for the determination of biotin. An optimal analytical condition of biotin determination was performed by the HPCL method. The statistical parameters of the HPLC methods were compared and reviewed with other determination.
Cite this paper
Naveed, S. , Qamar, F. , Abbas, S. S. , Jawed, S. H. , Raza, W. , Khan, M. and Iqbal, B. (2015). Appraisal of Techniques, Investigation and Analysis of Vitamin (B7) Biotin. Open Access Library Journal, 2, e1894. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1101894.
Wang, J., Liu, X.D. and Schnute, W. (2000) Simultaneous Analysis of Water-Soluble Vitamins in Vitamin-Enriched
Beverages and Multivitamin Dietary Supplements. UHPLC-MS/MS, Sunnyvale, CA.
Swartz, M.E. (2005) UPLCTM: An Introduction and Review. Journal of Liquid Chromatography
& Related Technologies, 28, 1253-1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/JLC-200053046
Watanabe, T. and Endo, A. (1990) Teratogenic Effects of Maternal Biotin Deficiency on Mouse
Embryos Examined at Midgestation. Teratology, 42, 295-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420420313
Watanabe, T. (1996) Morphological and Biochemical Effects of Excessive Amounts of Biotin
on Embryonic Development in Mice. Experientia, 52, 149-154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01923361
Báez-Saldana, A., Díaz, G., Espinoza, B. and Ortega, E. (1998) Biotin Deficiency Induces Changes in Subpopulations of Spleen
Lymphocytes in Mice.American Journal of Clinical
Nutrition, 64, 431-437.
Báez-Saldana, A. and Ortega, E. (2004) Biotin Deficiency Accelerates Thymus Involution, Blocks Thymocyte
Maturation and Decreases Nose-Rump Length in Mice. Journal of Nutrition, 134, 1979-1987.
Rodriguez-Melendez, R. and Zempleni, J. (2003) Regulation of Gene Expression by Biotin. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 14, 680-690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2003.07.001
Dakshinamurti, K. and Chauhan, J. (1994) Biotin-Binding Proteins. In: Dakshinamurti, K., Ed., Vitamin Receptors: Vitamins as Ligands in Cell Communication,
Vol. 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 200-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511525391.010
Thapar, R. and Venkatnarayan, K.
(2013) A Case of Biotinidase Deficiency
Presenting as Quadriparesis. Indian Journal of Clinical Practice,
24, 680-683.
Dakshimamurti, K., Modi, V.V. and Mistry, S.P. (1968) Some Aspects of Carbohydrates Metabolism in Biotin-Defi- cient Rats. Experimental
Biology and Medicine, 127, 396-400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/00379727-127-32699
Dakshinamurti, K. and Cheah-Tan, C. (1968) Biotin-Mediated Synthesis of Hepatic Glucokinase in the Rat. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 127, 17-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(68)90195-1
Maeda, Y., Kawata, S., Inui, Y., Fukuda, K., Igura, T. and Matsuzawa, Y. (1996) Biotin Deficiency Decreases Ornithine Transcarbamylase Activity
and mRNA in Rat Liver. Journal of Nutrition, 126, 61-66.
Gruber, B.M., Anuszewska, E.L. and Skierski, J.S. (2001) Activation of Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis) by Adriamycin in
Human Neoplastic Cells. Mutation Research/Fundamental
and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 484, 87-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(01)00256-1
Wilbur,
D.S., Pathare, P.M., Hamlin, D.K., Frownfelter, M.B., Kegley, B.B., Leung, W.-Y. and Gee, K.R. (2000) Evaluation of Biotin-Dye Conjugates for Use in an HPLC Assay to Assess Relative Binding of Biotin Derivatives with Avidin and
Streptavidin. Bioconjugate Chemistry, 11, 584-598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bc0000031
Ashish, P., Radhika, R. and Shantaram, N. (2014) Analytical Method Development and
Validation of Biotin in a Solid Dosage form by RP-HPLC. International Journal of
Universal Pharmacy and Bio Sciences, 3, 525-535.
Kanagy, B. (2013) An Accurate and Simple Spectrophotometric Assay System for
Quantitation of Biotin: The Quant*TagTM Biotin Kit. Vector Laboratories, Inc., Burlingame.
Batchelor,
R.H., Sarkez, A., Cox, W.G. and Johnson, I. (2007) Fluorometric Assay for Quantitation of Biotin Covalently Attached
to Proteins and Nucleic Acids. BioTechniques, 43, 503-507. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/000112564
Nabas, Z.M.O.Y., Haddadin, M.S.Y. and Nazer, I.K. (2014) The Influence of Royal Jelly Addition on the Growth and Production
of Short Chain Fatty Acids of Two Different Bacterial Species Isolated from
Infants in Jordan. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 13, 43-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2014.43.49
Baur,
B., Suormala, T., Bernoulli, C. and Baumgartner, E.R. (1998) Biotin Determination by Three Different
Methods: Specificity and Application to Urine and Plasma Ultrafiltrates of
Patients with and without Disorders in Biotin Metabolism. International
Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 68, 300-308.
Abbas, S.S., Naveed, S., Qamar, F., Zainab, S., Jawed, S.H., Kiran, S., Zehra, S. and Ali, Z.B. (2015) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD);
A Threat To Social Communication. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences, 1, 203-205.
Naveed,
S., Abbas, S.S., Qamar, F., Ali, Z.B., Kiran, S. and Zehra, S. (2015) Textaphrenia; Turmoil for Adults. World Journal of Pharmaceutical
and Life Sciences, 1, 70-72.