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全球陆表水体高分辨率遥感制图

, PP. 1634-1645

Keywords: 全球地表覆盖,陆表水体,30m分辨率,分类方法,遥感制图

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Abstract:

?陆表水体是地表覆盖的重要组成之一,是气候变化研究、生态环境评估和宏观调控分析等不可或缺的重要基础信息.本文介绍了全球地表覆盖遥感制图项目中陆表水体总体研制情况.项目通过收集、处理美国陆地卫星LandsatTM/ETM+、国产环境减灾星(HJ-1)等影像,实现了2000年、2010年两个基准年度的全球30m分辨率多光谱影像的有效覆盖,影像纠正精度满足1:20万制图要求,两期影像配准中误差控制在1个像元以内.根据30m分辨率尺度的水体光谱特征与几何形态,合理地设计提取指标,结合基于像元分类法简单易操作、面向对象分类法可综合利用各种规则知识的优势,开展水体信息的精细化提取,最后利用人机交互来进一步优化完善分类结果,实现全球水体的高精度遥感制图.完成的全球陆表水体数据成果GlobalLand30-water2000和GlobalLand30-water2010,属目前全球尺度下最高分辨率的分类成果,自评估总体精度为96%.该数据是开展全球陆表水体空间分布格局分析、揭示地域差异、研究时空波动规律以及进行生态环境健康诊断等相关研究工作的重要基础数据.

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