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白洋淀鱼类体内多氯联苯积累特征及其毒性评价

Keywords: 多氯联苯,生物积累,组成模式,毒性,白洋淀

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Abstract:

针对持久性有机污染物在水生生物体内易于积累的特性,利用气相色谱与质谱联用技术(GC-MS),检测了白洋淀8种鱼类体内多氯联苯(PCBs)含量,并分析了同系物组成特征。根据白洋淀鱼类检测到同系物情况,计算毒性当量(TEQ)并进行评价。白洋淀8种鱼类体内PCBs平均含量范围是55.85~1485.74ng·g-1脂肪重,从高到低的顺序依次为黄颡>黄鳝>乌鳢>泥鳅>鲤鱼>鳙鱼>鲫鱼>鲇鱼。在8种鱼类PCB同系物组成中,四氯联苯和五氯联苯是主要的同系物,其相对百分含量为52.0%~84.3%。这种组成模式反映了白洋淀地区有多氯联苯工业品的使用历史。8种鱼类体内PCBs的毒性当量(TEQ)范围是0.09~1412.87pgTEQ·g-1脂肪重,其大小顺序依次为鳙鱼>鲫鱼>鲇鱼>黄颡>黄鳝>鲤鱼>乌鳢>泥鳅。结果表明,白洋淀淀区部分鱼类已经受到PCBs一定程度的污染,应引起重视。

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