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大气科学  2010 

利用简单生物圈模式SiB2模拟青藏高原地表能量收支

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.01.12

Keywords: SiB2,青藏高原,能量分配

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Abstract:

利用简单生物圈模式SiB2模拟了西藏短草大草原安多观测站1998年7月15日至9月10日期间的地表能量分配、地表有效辐射温度和土壤湿度。季风期,平均冠层高度和叶面积指数大约分别为0.05m和0.5。实验地点基本代表了夏季藏北高原大面积特征。所用资料为全球能量与水循环实验GEWEX(GlobalEnergyandWaterCycleExperiment)亚洲季风实验GAME(AsianMonsoonExperiment)的西藏观测期间安多观测站微气象实地测量。采用这些资料确定SiB2所需要的参数和初始值后,由该资料中半小时一次的太阳短波辐射、大气长波辐射、水汽压、气温、水平风速和降水驱动SiB2,最后将模拟结果与实际测量的湍流通量、地表温度和土壤湿度进行了对比,进一步检验SiB2对季风期间青藏高原稀疏草原地表能量分配的模拟能力。对比结果表明:(1)当模式低估净辐射0.2%时,模式分别高估感热、潜热和土壤热通量4%、13%和8%;(2)模式得出的地表温度偏高5%;(3)土壤湿度估计合理。总的来说,SiB2对辐射分量模拟结果的偏差相对较小,相关程度普遍比感热通量、潜热通量和土壤热通量的模拟结果高。

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