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大气科学  2013 

长江下游梅汛期中尺度涡旋特征分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2012.12075

Keywords: 梅雨期暴雨,中尺度涡旋,分析统计,PMDV

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Abstract:

利用2006~2009年日本再分析资料对长江下游地区梅汛期间(5~7月)边界层内中尺度涡旋进行普查,并分类统计分析了边界层内中尺度涡旋与暴雨、低空急流的关系。研究结果表明:每年的5~7月该地区经常在对流层低层或(和)边界层内出现中尺度扰动涡旋,根据中尺度涡旋最初生成的高度不同,可划分为边界层中尺度涡旋、对流层低层中尺度涡旋和对流层低层—边界层中尺度涡旋三类。边界层中尺度涡旋中与暴雨有密切关系的中尺度涡旋称为边界层中尺度扰动涡旋(PMDV),根据涡旋前或后6小时累积雨量,可以进一步将其分成两类:第一类是暴雨的直接制造者中尺度对流系统(MCS)先于边界层中尺度扰动涡旋发生(MCS-PMDV);第二类是边界层中尺度涡旋产生后,激发了中尺度对流,造成了暴雨过程(PMDV-MCS)。PMDV-MCS类涡旋暴雨的特点是在对流层低层850hPa是一条切变线,其南侧有一支西南低空急流,边界层925hPa则是一个闭合的涡旋,暴雨区主要落在涡旋的东北面和东南面。

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