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大气科学  2008 

2003年夏季梅雨期一次强气旋发展的位涡诊断分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.06.02

Keywords: 梅雨,气旋,位涡,轨迹

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Abstract:

通过位涡诊断和回推轨迹分析,对2003年夏季梅雨期间一次强江淮气旋的发展过程进行了研究。结果表明:气旋发展初期,非绝热加热在气旋的低层发展中起了主要作用,随后由于高层水平平流的增强,通过垂直平流使高低层大值位涡耦合在一起,从而使气旋迅速发展。从中、高、低层对位涡柱形成所起的作用来看,低层主要是非绝热加热,中层是垂直平流,而高层主要是水平平流;从构成气旋的气流来说,在气旋迅速发展阶段,低层主要以西南暖湿气流为主,高层(500hPa以上)主要以沿急流轴下降的高层干冷气流和对流层底层流向气旋东北部并迅速上升的暖湿气流为主。高低层冷暖空气的相互作用主要发生在600hPa及以上层次,因凝结加热引起的垂直运动通过垂直平流可能在冷暖气流相互作用和上下大位涡的垂直耦合中发挥了重要作用。

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