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大气科学  2006 

GRAPES模式中的坡地辐射方案及其对短期天气过程模拟的影响

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2006.06.07

Keywords: GRAPES,坡地辐射,短期天气过程,梅雨锋降水

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Abstract:

为了改进太阳短波辐射参数化,在非静力中尺度模式GRAPES(全球/区域同化和预报系统)中考虑了坡地辐射(SLOPE),并着重讨论其在不同分辨率情况下对我国短期天气过程的影响.数值试验结果表明:地形坡度和坡向对地表短波辐射(GSW)计算有较大的影响,与没有考虑坡地作用的参考运行(FLAT)相比,早晨和傍晚的GSW最小可减小60%以下,最大也可增加60%以上,比一天中其他时间和平均值大得多.在江淮流域一次梅雨锋降水过程中,坡地辐射参数化方案的引入对降水模拟有较明显的影响,特别在高分辨率(6km)情况下,降水的增加和减小不仅发生在GSW改变比较大的地区,且与复杂地形有较好的相关性.另外,由于地形坡度和坡向引起地表温度的改变与地表热通量的变化一致,且也发生在地形起伏的多山地区.因此,当水平分辨率较高且地形陡峭起伏时,应当包含坡地辐射.

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