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地质论评  2012 

元素碳碳同位素在古环境研究中的应用

Keywords: 元素碳,碳同位素,古环境

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Abstract:

元素碳几乎完全来源于植被的燃烧,长期广泛地分布于大气、土壤、沉积物、岩石、水体和冰体等自然界载体中,记录了大量的古环境信息。利用元素碳碳同位素(δ13CEC)指标来反映古气候、古植被信息是将元素碳应用到古环境研究的一个重要方面,本文通过总结国内外学者利用δ13CEC指标进行古环境研究的现状,总结出对于“直接利用δ13CEC指标进行古环境恢复”这一关键问题还存在不同认识。燃烧前后物质的碳同位素是否发生变化是利用δ13CEC进行古环境研究时需要考虑的一个重要问题,国内外学者近20年来对C3、C4植物开展了大量燃烧实验,主要结论是C3植物燃烧前后物质的碳同位素变化(Δδ13C)较小,在±1‰以内,而C4植物变化范围较大,在0‰~-9‰之间;此外,文中还讨论了元素碳外源输入等可能影响δ13CEC指标的因素。建议在利用δ13CEC指标进行古环境重建之前,有必要对δ13CEC进行详细的基础研究工作,进一步研究表土δ13CEC与地表植被相关性以及元素碳外源输入等问题。

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