全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

Malnutrition among Children under 5 Does Not Correlate with Higher Socio Economic Status of Parents in Rural Communities

DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1103906, PP. 1-15

Subject Areas: Nutrition, Public Health

Keywords: Malnutrition, Socio-Economic, MUAC, Under 5 Children, Kano

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract

Introduction: Understanding the socioeconomic characteristics of families with undernourished children is very critical to providing solution to the menace especially in rural communities where there is complexity in the relationship between economic activities, education and parental care and the undernutrition. Objectives: The study is aimed at understanding the nutritional status of children under the age of 5 years in relation to the socio economic status of the family so as to determine causes of vulnerability. Methods: Hospital based cross sectional study was carried among 505 children under the age of 5 years, taking measurement of their Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) using standard techniques and also taking records of their families’ socioeconomic data using structured questionnaire. Results: Record of nutritional status of the children sampled shows that undernourished children were 345 (68.3%) and the nourished were 160 (31.7%). The number of times each child felt sick within the last one year shows that out of the total 505 children, 140 (27.72%) fell sick once, 155 (30.69%) fall sick twice in the previous year, 65 (12.87%) felt sick three times, 55 (10.89%) felt sick four times due to either malaria, undernutrition or other factors. Children born to farmers, constituting 51.5% of the sampled children have as high as 69.2% prevalence of undernutrition, compared to those born to beggars (0%). The highest prevalence is recorded in children born to petty traders (80%), followed by government workers and commercial motorcyclist with 75% each. Prevalence of 100% was recorded in the sampled children whose father attains tertiary level of education, followed by those who attain only secondary level of education (68%). Conclusion: There is high prevalence of undernutrition among children in rural communities which is often underestimated for the fact that rural dwellers of Kano are mostly farmers and that they are adequate to provide for their children. Frequency of illnesses among the children of rural dwellers is associated with the nutritional status of the children. Malnutrition is not always dependent on the occupation and educational status of the parents or whether child parents are alive or not. Children of farmers and learned persons are also very susceptible to malnutrition in the rural communities of Kano. Nutritional education and programs should as well target all families with varied socioeconomic status, including farmers, petty traders and those with high educational status without making assumptions that they are less susceptible to malnutrition.

Cite this paper

Muhammad, A. I. , Yunusa, I. , Bolori, M. T. , Ezeanyika, L. U. S. , Walla, H. A. and Gidado, Z. M. (2017). Malnutrition among Children under 5 Does Not Correlate with Higher Socio Economic Status of Parents in Rural Communities. Open Access Library Journal, 4, e3906. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103906.

References

[1]  Aruna, S. and Sudha, P. (2015) A Survey: Malnutrition for Women. International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering, 7, 75-77.
[2]  WHO (2017) Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. World Health Organization/Department of Nutrition for Health and Development CH, Geneva.
http://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb
[3]  World Food Programme (2000) Food and Nutrition Handbook. World Food Programme, Rome.
[4]  WHO (2013) Malnutrition-The Global Picture. World Health Organization, Geneva. http://www.who.int/home-page/
[5]  Monika, B. and Mercedes, O. (2005) Malnutrition: Quantifying the Health Impact at National and Local Levels: Environmental Burden of Disease Series. World Health Organization, Geneva.
[6]  The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2011) The State of Food Insecurity in the World: How Does International Price Volatility Affect Domestic Economies and Food Security. FAO, Canada.
[7]  Tunji, A., Djurfeldt, G., Holmen, H. and Isinika, A.C. (2005) Conclusions and a Look Ahead. In the African Food Crisis. CABI Publishing, Cambridge.
[8]  National Nutrition and Health Survey (NNHS) (2015)
http://www.unicef.org/nigeria
[9]  Save the Children (2010) Child Malnutrition in Northern Nigeria: Illustrative Case Study.
http://www.Savethechildren.org.uk
[10]  World Bank (2006) Repositioning Nutrition as Central to Development: A Strategy for Large-Scale Action. World Bank, Washington, DC.
[11]  Childers, E. and Urquhart, B. (1994) Renewing the United Nations System. Dag Hammarskjold Foundation, Uppsala, Sweden.
[12]  Bain, L.E., Awah, P.K., Geraldine, N., Kindong, N.P., Sigal, Y., Bernard, N. and Tanjeko, A.T. (2013) Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Burden, Causes and Prospects. Pan African Medical Journal, 15, 120.
https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2013.15.120.2535
[13]  Olofin, E.A., Nabegu, A.B. and Dambazau, A.M. (2008) Wudil within Kano Region: A Geographical Synthesis. The Department of Geography, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil.
[14]  Charan, J. and Biswas. T. (2013) How to Calculate Sample Size for Different Study Designs in Medical Research? Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 35, 121-126.
https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7176.116232
[15]  Ogechi, U.P. (2014) A Study of the Nutritional Status and Dietary Intake of Lactating Women in Umuahia, Nigeria. American Journal of Health Research, 2, 20-26.
https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20140201.14
[16]  Mishra, S.K., Bastola, S.P. and Jha, B. (2009) Biochemical Nutritional Indicators in Children with Protein Energy Malnutrition Attending Kanti Children Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 7, 129-134.
[17]  WHO and UNICEF (2009) WHO Child Growth Standards and the Identification of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Infants and Children. A Joint Statement by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund.
http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/severemalnutrition
[18]  Juma, O.A., Enumah, Z.O., Wheatley, H., et al. (2016) Prevalence and Assessment of Malnutrition among Children Attending the Reproductive and Child Health clinic at Bagamoyo District Hospital, Tanzania. BMC Public Health, 16, 1094.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3751-0
[19]  Dawaki, S., Al-Mekhlafi, H.M. and Ithol, I. (2016) Is Nigeria Winning the Battle against Malaria? Prevalence, Risk Factors, and KAP Assessment among Hausa Communities in Kano State. Malaria Journal, 15, 351.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1394-3
[20]  Trowell, H.C. (1948) Malignant Malnutrition (Kwashiorkor). Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 42, 417-433.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(49)90049-8
[21]  Gomez, J., et al. (1956) Mortality in Second and Third Degree Malnutrition. The Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2, 77-83.
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.tropej.a057419
[22]  Pelletier, D.L., Frongillo Jr, E.A. and Habicht, J.P. (1993) Epidemiologic Evidence for a Potentiating Effect of Mal-nutrition on Child Mortality. American Journal of Public Health, 83, 1130-1133.
https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.83.8.1130
[23]  WEHAB (2002) A Framework for Action on Health and the Environment. World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johan-nesburg, August 2002.
[24]  Fotso, J.C. and Kuate-Defo, B. (2005) Household and Com-munity Socioeconomic Influences on Early Childhood Malnutrition in Africa.
http://iussp2005.princeton.edu/papers/50905
[25]  Khattak, U.K., Iqbal, S.P. and Ghazanfar, H. (2017) The Role of Parents’ Literacy in Malnutrition of Children under the Age of Five Years in a Semi-Urban Community of Pakistan: A Case-Control Study. Cureus, 9, e1316.
https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.1316
[26]  Schaible, U.E. and Kaufmann, S.H. (2007) Malnutrition and Infection: Complex Mechanisms and Global Impacts. PLOS Medicine, 4, e115.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0040115

Full-Text


comments powered by Disqus

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133

WeChat 1538708413