Background: The present study was elaborated to assess the prevalence
of high birth weight and its related risk factors for macrosomic infants among women
in Southern Morocco. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on term singleton
live-births, with no morbidity or malformation, of a sample of (n = 78) nulliparous and multiparous non-diabetic
women delivering at Hassan I Provincial Hospital. Cases included neonates ≥ 4000 g, whereas controls comprised
infants with birth weight between 2500 and 3999 g. Personal information was collected
from pregnant women using a structured questionnaire, and through a review of their
medical records. Associations between exposure and dependent variable (macrosomia)
were calculated using linear and logistic regressions. Results: Macrosomia prevalence was 35.89%. Mean birth weight
in cases was 4310.71 ± 246.96 g, and in controls 3076.00 ± 533.97 g. Maternal lifestyle
behaviors, as well as sociodemographic factors were not associated with macrosomia,
except for maternal age over 40 years (OR: 4.27, 95% CI: 0.98-18.68). Logistic regression
model analysis indicated that macrosomia was strongly associated with hormone therapy
(adjusted OR: 18.83, 95% CI: 1.54-214.51), followed by obesity/overweight history (adjusted
OR: 7.94, 95% CI: 1.52-41.41), and pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2 for pooled overweight and
obesity factor (adjusted OR: 5.24, 95% CI: 1.54-17.82). Conclusion: Pre-pregnancy BMI > 25 kg/m2, pre-existing overweight/ obesity, and hormone therapy
should be considered as independent risk factors for fetal macrosomia and require more attention from health professionals.
Cite this paper
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