Sleep complaints played a role in predicting the development of metabolic
syndrome (MetS) in the general population. This cross-sectional survey was
performed among elderly people (age ≥ 65 years) who underwent a health
examination for senior citizens since March 2009 to November 2009. 1181 participants
were surveyed, including 433 men (36.7%) and 748 women (63.3%). We aimed at the
association between self-reported insomnia symptoms and risk factors of MetS in
the elderly population living in northern Taiwan. The modified National Cholesterol
Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) was used for
criteria of MetS. Logistic regression examined the impact on the MetS and its
components according to individual insomnia symptoms and syndrome. The result
showed that difficulty falling asleep (DFA), a specific symptom of insomnia,
was significantly associated with MetS (OR: 1.42, 95% CI = 1.09 - 1.86). DFA
increased the risk of abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglycemia.
Frequent waking from sleep or dreamy increased the risk of abdominal obesity.
Difficulty staying sleep increased the risk of hypertension. Other insomnia
symptoms (non-refreshing sleep) were not associated with the increased risk of
any MetS factors. Insomnia symptoms, including DFA, difficulty staying sleep,
and frequent waking from sleep or dreamy increased the odds ratio of risk
factors. Evaluating insomnia symptoms can help identify individuals that are at
risk of MeS.
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