Domestic access to
pipe-borne water is necessary for the general well-being of residents of every
community. This research investigated domestic access to the service, the
relationship between socio-economic attributes and
pipe-borne water characteristics as well as the contribution of four dimensions of access
(availability, geographic, financial and acceptability). A total of 614
questionnaires were administered to residents of Calabar Metropolis using the systematic point sampling
technique. Data were
analyzed using descriptive statistics and spatial techniques. Interpolated maps
were used to show variations in pipe-borne water connection, use and
expenditure. Results revealed no significant relationship between the number of
persons in households sampled and average volume of water used daily by
respondents (P = 0.144 > 0.05). There is also no
significant relationship between average volume of water used daily and the
income of respondents (p = 0.03
< 0.05). Furthermore, the average monthly expenditure on pipe-borne water by
respondents in the Metropolis do not significantly relate with income (p = 0.0
< 0.05). The
multi-nomial logistic regression analyses revealed that a combined effect of
the model of availability, geographic, financial and acceptability
significantly contributes to measuring access to pipe-borne water in the
Metropolis, χ2(30)
=
93.455, p < 0.001, with availability (p = 0.031 < 0.05) and financial (p = 0.001 < 0.05) dimensions faring
better. It was recommended that Cross River State Water Board Limited should
not only increase the volume of water supplied to residents but also ensure
that more households are connected to the service. The frequency of water
supply has to be up-surged as well, with the Board distributing the water in a
systematic manner, and with
consideration to existing spatial variations and measures of access which have proven to be
fundamental to guarantee access to water.
Cite this paper
Okon, I. and Njoku, C. G. (2017). Evaluation of Domestic Access to Pipe-Borne Water in Calabar Metropolis, Southern Nigeria. Open Access Library Journal, 4, e3924. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103924.
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