Comparative Study of Microbiological and Molecular Diagnosis (Bac Multi-Screen-Real-^TMkit) of Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus spp. Strains from Urinary and Vaginal Secretions in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Introduction: The last few decades have seen considerable progress in the diagnosis and medical management of infectious diseases. Among these diseases, urogenital infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus spp. remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Bac Multi-Screen-Real-^TMkit compared with the culture technique in the diagnosis of Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus spp. strains from vaginal and urinary secretions in Ouagadougou. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study covering a period of 6 months. Molecular analyses were performed on urine and vaginal swabs from patients admitted to Hopital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) who had previously been diagnosed using the culture technique in the laboratory. Results: Ninety-two (92) patients participated in this study and Streptococcus germs were detected in 14 of them (15.22%) by real-time PCR versus 1 of them (1.09%) by culture technique. Among the four streptococcus look for, Streptococcus spp. (S. spp.) and Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) were only found in our study population. Compared to culture technique, PCR technique has shown a specificity, a sensitivity, a Positive predictive value and a Negative predictive value of 100,100,100 and 85% respectively. Conclusion: Real-time PCR is an excellent method due to its short duration of performing and the sensitivity in the diagnosis of germs involved in urinary and vaginal infections. Another merit of this kit is the detection of Streptococcus agalactiae, not by culture technique.