%0 Journal Article
%T Development and use of microsatellite markers in Marama bean.
%A M Takundwa
%A E Nepolo
%A K Mogotsi
%A MA Kandawa-Schulz
%A AC Cullis
%A K Kunert
%A JJ Jackson-Malete
%A L Chiwona-Karltun
%A PM Chimwamurombe
%J African Crop Science Journal
%D 2012
%I 
%X Marama bean [Tylosema esculentum (Burchell) Schreiber] occurs naturally in arid parts of southern Africa. Due to the high nutrient value of the seeds and tubers; richness in protein, oil and starch; it is a potential crop for arid areas where few conventional crops can survive. Microsatellites are becoming the molecular marker system of choice because they are multiallelic and generally more informative. Recently, the development of SSR enrichment techniques has increased the efficiency of SSR characterisation in new species. The aim of the study was to develop SSR¡¯s for detection of polymorphisms in Marama bean. The microsatellite regions of the genome were the main focus for potential to be used in Marama bean genetic diversity studies. Microsatellite loci were isolated from the Marama bean germplasm using a modified FIASCO enrichment technique. Nine Marama bean microsatellite libraries, enriched for (AAG)7, (GTT)7, (AGG)7, (GAG)7, (CA)10, (CT)10, (TCC)7, (CA)15 and (CAC)7, were created. Of the 80 primers designed, 76% were able to detect polymorphism. Four of the SSR¡¯s were used for a genetic variation analysis and have proved to be useful and informative for genetic diversity studies. Key Words: FIASCO, polymorphism, SSR, Tylosema esculentum Le haricot Marama [Tylosema esculentum (Burchell) Schreiber] est produit naturellement en milieux arides de l¡¯Afrique du Sud. Etant donn¨¦ la valeur nutritionnelle des ses graines, carottes, sa richesse en protein, en huiles et amidon, le haricot Marama est consid¨¦r¨¦ comme une culture potentielle pour des milieux arides o¨´ peu de cultures conventionnelles peuvent survivre. Dans ces conditions, les microsatellites deviennent de plus en plus un syst¨¨me mol¨¦culaire de choix parce que elles sont multiall¨¦liques et g¨¦n¨¦ralement plus informatives. R¨¦cemment, le d¨¦veloppement des techniques d¡¯enrichissement SSR a augment¨¦ l¡¯efficacit¨¦ de la caract¨¦risation de SSR dans de nouvelles esp¨¨ces. L¡¯objet de cette ¨¦tude ¨¦tait de d¨¦velopper SSR pour la d¨¦tection du polymorphisme dans le haricot Marama. Les r¨¦gions microsatellitaires du g¨¦nome ¨¦taient le principal point d¡¯int¨¦r¨ºt pour des ¨¦tudes de la diversit¨¦ g¨¦n¨¦tique du haricot Marama. Les microsatellites loci ¨¦taient isol¨¦s du germoplasme du haricot Marama en en utilisant une technique d¡¯enrichissement FIASCO modifi¨¦. Neuf librairies microsatellitaires du haricot Marama, enrichies pour (AAG)7, (GTT)7, (AGG)7, (GAG)7, (CA)10, (CT)10, (TCC)7, (CA)15 et (CAC)7, ¨¦taient cr¨¦¨¦es. Parmi les 80 d¨¦sign¨¦es, 76% ¨¦taient capables de d¨¦tecter le polymorphisme. Quatre des SSR ¨¦taient utilis¨¦es pour une  analyse de la variation g¨¦n¨¦tique et ont prouv¨¦ ¨ºtre plus utiles et informatives pour des ¨¦tudes de la diversit¨¦ g¨¦n¨¦tique. Mots Cl¨¦s: FIASCO, polymorphisme, SSR, Tylosema esculentum
%U http://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/79790