%0 Journal Article
%T Chefferies traditionnelles, autochtonie et construction d¡¯une sph¨¨re publique locale au Cameroun
%A I Mouiche
%J African Anthropologist
%D 2008
%I 
%X Le pr¨¦sent article s¡¯int¨¦resse aux luttes h¨¦g¨¦moniques entre deux communaut¨¦s ethniques, les Mbo et les Bamil¨¦k¨¦ avec comme enjeu le partage des postes politiques locaux de la localit¨¦ de Santchou au Cameroun. Dans cet arrondissement, ces postes (maire, d¨¦put¨¦, etc.) ¨¦taient sous le parti unique l¡¯apanage de la minorit¨¦ ethnique mbo (majoritaire dans cet arrondissement mais minoritaire dans l¡¯ensemble du d¨¦partement ¨¤ dominante bamil¨¦k¨¦). Dans ce contexte de monolithisme o¨´ ¨¦tait exclu tout dissentiment, les Bamil¨¦k¨¦ avaient fini par int¨¦rioriser ce package deal qui frisait l¡¯apathie politique. Avec le multipartisme et la d¨¦mocratisation o¨´ les maires sont dor¨¦navant ¨¦lus et non plus nomm¨¦s, une incertitude a plan¨¦ sur cet acquis politique des Mbo. Nonobstant cette incertitude, ceux-ci ont r¨¦ussi ¨¤ conserver ce poste de maire en s¡¯octroyant tout aussi automatiquement bien d¡¯autres postes politiques locaux, notamment celui de d¨¦put¨¦. Cependant, contrairement ¨¤ la p¨¦riode du parti unique, la situation cr¨¦¨¦e par la lib¨¦ralisation politique a offert aux Bamil¨¦k¨¦ un espace public pour discuter dor¨¦navant de l¡¯allocation des postes politiques locaux et de manifester leur d¨¦saccord ¨¤ cette h¨¦g¨¦monie, ce qui leur permet de manifester ainsi leur citoyennet¨¦. Cette ¨¦tude souligne ¨¤ la suite d¡¯Habermas et bien d¡¯autres auteurs comme Cottereau qu¡¯il faut parler d¡¯espaces publics, au pluriel, et non d¡¯un seul espace public pour mettre en contexte la dynamique interne des cultures populaires productrices de sph¨¨res publiques sub-culturelles ou des lieux d¡¯¨¦mergence d¡¯une d¨¦mocratie d¨¦lib¨¦rative. The present article focuses on the hegemonic struggles between two ethniccommunities, the Mbo and the Bamil¨¦k¨¦,over the distribution of local political positions in the Santchou district of Cameroon. In this arrondissement, under the single party, such political positions (mayor, MP, etc.) were the prerogative of the Mbo ethnic minority (which forms the majority in the district but the minority in the department as a whole, which is dominated by the Bamil¨¦k¨¦). In thismonolithiccontext where dissent was excluded, the Bamil¨¦k¨¦ had finally accepted this ¡±package deal¡±, coming close to political apathy. With the multiple party system and democratization, when mayors were no longer appointed but elected, uncertainty hung over the political advantage of the Mbo. Despite this uncertainty, they were able to retain their mayoral seat and automatically obtain numerous other local positions, including that of MP. However, unlike in the days of the single party, the situation created by political liberalization offered the Bamil¨¦k¨¦ a public space to discuss the allotment of local political positions and manifest their disagreement with the hegemony, which also allowed them to manifest their citizenship. This study, in the tradition of Habermas and many others such as Cottereau, stresses that we need to refer to public spaces, in the plural, rather than a single public space, to pu
%U http://www.ajol.info/index.php/aa/article/view/77247