%0 Journal Article
%T Lenalidomide for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma
%A van de Donk NW
%A G rg¨¹n G
%A Groen RW
%A Jakubikova J
%A Mitsiades CS
%A Hideshima T
%A Laubach J
%A Nijhof IS
%A Raymakers RA
%A Lokhorst HM
%A Richardson PG
%A Anderson KC
%J Cancer Management and Research
%D 2012
%I 
%R http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S27087
%X alidomide for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma Review (2761) Total Article Views Authors: van de Donk NW, G rg¨¹n G, Groen RW, Jakubikova J, Mitsiades CS, Hideshima T, Laubach J, Nijhof IS, Raymakers RA, Lokhorst HM, Richardson PG, Anderson KC Published Date August 2012 Volume 2012:4 Pages 253 - 268 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S27087 Received: 01 June 2012 Accepted: 19 July 2012 Published: 14 August 2012 Niels WCJ van de Donk,1,2 G¨¹ll¨¹ G rg¨¹n,1 Richard WJ Groen,1,3 Jana Jakubikova,1 Constantine S Mitsiades,1 Teru Hideshima,1 Jacob Laubach,1 Inger S Nijhof,2 Reinier A Raymakers,2 Henk M Lokhorst,2 Paul G Richardson,1 Kenneth C Anderson1 1Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 2Department of Hematology, 3Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Abstract: Lenalidomide is an amino-substituted derivative of thalidomide with direct antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on the myeloma tumor cell, as well as antiangiogenic activity and immunomodulatory effects. Together with the introduction of bortezomib and thalidomide, lenalidomide has significantly improved the survival of patients with relapsed and refractory myeloma. The most common adverse events associated with lenalidomide include fatigue, skin rash, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia. In addition, when lenalidomide is combined with dexamethasone or other conventional cytotoxic agents, there is an increase in the incidence of venous thromboembolic events. There is now evidence that continued treatment with lenalidomide has a significant impact on survival by improving the depth and duration of response. This highlights the value of adverse event management and appropriate dose adjustments to prevent toxicity, and of allowing continued treatment until disease progression. In this review, we will discuss the different lenalidomide-based treatment regimens for patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma. This is accompanied by recommendations of how to manage and prevent adverse events associated with lenalidomide-based therapy.
%K lenalidomide
%K multiple myeloma
%K immunomodulatory drugs
%K relapse treatment
%K refractory disease
%U https://www.dovepress.com/lenalidomide-for-the-treatment-of-relapsed-and-refractory-multiple-mye-peer-reviewed-article-CMAR