%0 Journal Article
%T The Criticalilty of Verbal Immediacy in Online Instruction: A Modified Delphi Study
%A Jeffrey L. Bailie
%J Journal of Educators Online
%D 2012
%I Journal of Educators Online
%X In this 2011 investigation, a modified Delphi technique was introduced to determine whether an informed group of post-secondary online faculty and students could arrive at a consensus regarding the importance of previously recognized verbal immediacy behaviors. Two expert panels were presented with Gorham¡¯s (1988) Verbal Immediacy Scale and tasked with determining those behaviors perceived as being the most important in the online learning venue. The result of the study confirmed that a consensus of opinion between online students and faculty is indeed possible, albeit resulting in a new iteration of Gorham¡¯s scale. A discussion of the findings suggests that further consideration for the development of an updated version of a verbal immediacy scale specific to online instructional behaviors may be warranted.
%K Online Teaching
%K Verbal Immediacy
%K Modified Delphi Study
%U http://www.thejeo.com/Archives/Volume9Number2/BailiePaper.pdf