%0 Journal Article
%T Lexical bundles in learner language: Lithuanian learners vs. native speakers. Leksini  samplaik  vartojimas mokini  kalboje: kontrastinis lietuvi  ir gimtakalbi  angl  kalbos vartotoj  tyrimas
%A Rita Juknevi£¿ien£¿
%J Kalbotyra
%D 2009
%I Vilnius University
%X Corpus studies of recurrent word sequences, also known as lexical bundles, have outlined new directions in ELT/EFL research. The fact that naturally produced English consists of prefabricated multi-word units gave rise to the question of chunkiness in learner language. This study was thus designed to compare and contrast language produced by learners of three different levels of proficiency in terms of the use of lexical bundles. The analysis of lexical bundles retrieved from three corpora of written learner English showed that many more different bundles were established in the corpora representing less proficient learners which is interpreted as an indication of a more limited lexical repertoire which leads to more repetition. Furthermore, structural and functional analysis of lexical bundles showed that the language of non-native learners bears more resemblance to spoken English than the language of native speakers. These findings may be particularly useful to EFL practitioners as they seem to give new insights into the development of learner language. ------ Leksini  samplaik  arba pasikartojan i   od i  sek  tyrimai angl  lingvistikoje atv r  nauj  tyrimo kryp i  angl  kaip svetimosios kalbos studijoms. Tekstyn  tyrin jimai parod , jog autenti koje angl  kalboje itin da nai pasitaiko pasikartojan i   od i  sek , kurios produkuojant kalb  atkuriamos kaip nedalomi vienetai. Tod l tik tina, jog kintant kalbos vartotoj  pasiekimams toki  sek  kiekis ir pob¨±dis j  kalboje taip pat gali kisti. Straipsnyje pristatomas kontrastinis mokini  kalbos (angl. learner language) tekstyn  tyrimas, analizuojantis leksini  samplaik  vartojim  skirting  pasiekimo lygi  mokini  kalboje. Keliama hipotez , kad samplaik  vartojimo skirtumai gali lemti kokybinius  vairi  lygi  mokini  kalbos skirtumus. Tyrimo duomenys rinkti i  trij  tekstyn , kuri  du (AFK1 ir LICLE tekstynai) reprezentuoja lietuvi  gimtosios kalbos mokini  ra ytin  angl  kalb , o tre iasis (LOCNESS) ¨C gimtakalbi  angl  kalbos mokini  kalb . Tyrimo rezultatai parod , jog tekstynai skiriasi tiek pagal juose nustatyt  samplaik  kiek , tiek pagal vyraujan ius strukt¨±rinius ir funkcinius samplaik  tipus, apibr  iamus pagal Biber ir kt. (2004) ir Biber (2006) taksonomijas.  emesnio pasiekim  lygio mokiniai vartoja gerokai daugiau samplaik , o tai rodo, jog j  kalboje yra daugiau pasikartojan ios leksikos negu gimtakalbi  mokini  kalboje, kuri laikytina leksi kai turtingesne. Be to, pagal strukt¨±rinius ir funkcinius samplaik  tipus lietuvi  mokini  kalba turi daugiau sakytin s angl  kalbos bruo   negu gimtakalb
%K Contrastive interlanguage analysis
%K learner language
%K lexical bundles
%K Lithuanian EFL learners
%U http://www.kalbotyra.flf.vu.lt/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Kalbotyra_61_61-72.pdf