%0 Journal Article
%T Invertebrate distribution patterns and river typology for the implementation of the water framework directive in Martinique, French Lesser Antilles Patrons de distribution des invert¨¦br¨¦s et typologie des rivi¨¨res pour la mise en  uvre de la Directive Cadre Europ¨¦enne sur l¡¯Eau en Martinique, Antilles Fran aises
%A Bernadet C.
%A Touron-Poncet H.
%A Desrosiers C.
%A Compin A.
%J Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems
%D 2013
%I EDP Sciences
%R 10.1051/kmae/2013036
%X Over the past decade, Europe¡¯s Water Framework Directive provided compelling reasons for developing tools for the biological assessment of freshwater ecosystem health in member States. Yet, the lack of published study for Europe¡¯s overseas regions reflects minimal knowledge of the distribution patterns of aquatic species in Community¡¯s outermost areas. Benthic invertebrates (84 taxa) and land-cover, physical habitat and water chemistry descriptors (26 variables) were recorded at fifty-one stations in Martinique, French Lesser Antilles. Canonical Correspondence Analysis and Ward¡¯s algorithm were used to bring out patterns in community structure in relation to environmental conditions, and variation partitioning was used to specify the influence of geomorphology and anthropogenic disturbance on invertebrate communities. Species richness decreased from headwater to lowland streams, and species composition changed from northern to southern areas. The proportion of variation explained by geomorphological variables was globally higher than that explained by anthropogenic variables. Geomorphology and land cover played key roles in delineating ecological sub-regions for the freshwater biota. Despite this and the small surface area of Martinique (1080 km2), invertebrate communities showed a clear spatial turnover in composition and biological traits (e.g., insects, crustaceans and molluscs) in relation to natural conditions. Au cours de la derni¨¨re d¨¦cennie, la Directive Cadre Europ¨¦enne sur l¡¯Eau a promu le d¨¦veloppement d¡¯outils de bioindication de la qualit¨¦ des eaux douces au sein des ¨¦tats membres. L¡¯absence de travaux sur l¡¯Outre-Mer r¨¦v¨¨le une connaissance minimale de la distribution des esp¨¨ces aquatiques dans ces r¨¦gions de l¡¯Europe. Les invert¨¦br¨¦s benthiques (84 taxons), ainsi que des variables d¨¦crivant l¡¯utilisation des terres, l¡¯habitat physique et la chimie de l¡¯eau (26 variables) ont ¨¦t¨¦ quantifi¨¦s sur 51 stations en Martinique (Antilles Fran aises). Des analyses canoniques et l¡¯algorithme de Ward ont permis de d¨¦gager des patrons d¡¯organisation des communaut¨¦s en relation avec les conditions environnementales, puis une partition de variance a permis de pr¨¦ciser l¡¯influence de la g¨¦omorphologie et des perturbations anthropiques sur ces patrons. La richesse sp¨¦cifique d¨¦cro t des cours d¡¯eau de t¨ºte de bassin ¨¤ la plaine, et la composition des communaut¨¦s change du nord au sud de l¡¯ le. La proportion de variance expliqu¨¦e par les variables g¨¦omorphologiques est globalement sup¨¦rieure ¨¤ celle expliqu¨¦e par les variables anthropiques. La g¨¦omorpholo
%K biological indicators
%K overseas regions
%K reference conditions
%K river classification
%K tropical rivers
%K indicateurs biologiques
%K outre-mer
%K conditions de r¨¦f¨¦rence
%K classification
%K rivi¨¨res tropicales
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2013036