%0 Journal Article
%T Nationwide PCB congener pattern analysis in freshwater fish samples in France Analyse ¨¤ l¡¯¨¦chelle nationale des profils de cong¨¦n¨¨res de PCB dans la chair de poissons d¡¯eau douce en France
%A Babut M.
%A Mathieu A.
%A Pradelle S.
%A Marchand P.
%J Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems
%D 2013
%I EDP Sciences
%R 10.1051/kmae/2013033
%X The 2006 european directive on polychlorodibenzodioxins and related compounds in foodstuffs prompted in France a nationwide monitoring study of freshwater fish contamination by these compounds. A database covering about 300 sites (2848 samples of 36 fish species) was obtained from this study. This database was used to explore congener pattern distributions, in order to identify typical sources and the impact of biotransformation on these sources. Fish ecological traits and fish size are the main factors explaining the overall PCB contamination in the two pre-identified categories of species (high or low propensity to accumulate hydrophobic compounds). Lipid content is also an influencing factor, but its relationship to other factors remains uncertain. Species show distinct congener patterns, related more to their physiology than to ecological traits. Spatial patterns were studied on selected sites having more than five individuals analysed ¨C either chub (Squalius cephalus) or barbel (Barbus barbus), the most widespread species in the database ¨C. We identified six patterns, which mainly differed in the respective proportions of congeners potentially biotransformed by fish. No connection to typical sources, e.g. technical mixtures, was identified. These patterns instead represent an ageing path of the initial mixtures; they could be used for setting remediation priorities. La directive europ¨¦enne fixant les teneurs maximales des polychlorodibenzodioxines et compos¨¦s apparent¨¦s dans les denr¨¦es alimentaires, publi¨¦e en 2006, a provoqu¨¦ en France la mise en  uvre ¨¤ l¡¯¨¦chelle nationale d¡¯une ¨¦tude sur la contamination des poissons d¡¯eau douce par ces compos¨¦s. Il en a r¨¦sult¨¦ une base de donn¨¦es incluant plus de 300 sites (2848 ¨¦chantillons provenant de 36 esp¨¨ces de poisson). Cette base de donn¨¦es a ¨¦t¨¦ utilis¨¦e pour explorer la distribution de profils de cong¨¦n¨¨res, afin d¡¯identifier des profils typiques de sources, ainsi que l¡¯impact des processus de biotransformation sur ces sources. La taille des poissons et des traits ¨¦cologiques comme la position dans le cours d¡¯eau et le comportement alimentaire sont les principaux facteurs explicatifs du niveau de contamination par les PCB dans les deux cat¨¦gories pr¨¦-identifi¨¦es d¡¯esp¨¨ces (tendance forte/faible ¨¤ l¡¯accumulation de compos¨¦s hydrophobes). Le taux de lipides dans la chair musculaire des poissons exerce ¨¦galement une influence, dont la relation aux autres facteurs reste incertaine. Les profils de cong¨¦n¨¨res diff¨¨rent selon l¡¯esp¨¨ce, ce qui s¡¯explique mieux par leur physiologie que par les traits ¨¦colog
%K PCB
%K fish
%K congener pattern
%K statistics
%K metabolism
%K PCB
%K poisson
%K profil de cong¨¦n¨¨res
%K statistiques
%K m¨¦tabolisme
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2013033