%0 Journal Article
%T Awareness of toxic chemicals in entertainment and educational materials
%A Fontalvo-Rivera Dilia
%A Cadena -Cadena Vanessa
%A Jim谷nez-Llamas Roseima
%A Romero-Buelvas Liliana
%J Revista Ciencias Biom谷dicas
%D 2012
%I Universidad de Cartagena
%X Introduction: security offered by the materials used to manufacture some tools forrecreational activities and/or educational assistance may not have been adequatelycontrolled. Some of the substances most frequently involved are heavy metals like leadand cadmium in toys made out of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) also known as vinyl.Objective: to perform a review of potential toxicity generated by toys and educationalmaterials, and raise awareness among health professionals in order to promote clinicalsuspicion of intoxication due to use of toys and school supplies.Methodology: review articles, case reports and consensus about the relationshipbetween chemicals in toys and educational materials with toxic pathologies, involvingpediatric patients of both sexes, were evaluated. Electronic search was conducted inRIMA database, MEDLINE, PubMed and MESCAPE from 2003 to 2009. A newspapersearch also was made.Results: we found 78 publications, including regular news websites. Thirty one met theinclusion criteria and all were taken into consideration. The substances most frequentlyinvolved with toxicity were lead, cadmium, phthalates and bronze, which have beenassociated with subtle manifestations or potentially severe disorders. There is acommunity alarm about the way products for children are manufactured and dispensed.Conclusions: there are toxic elements in recreational and educational materialsfor children; therefore adequate quality control is necessary. Children∩s health careprograms should promote awareness among community to prevent potential risks.RESUMEN:Introducci車n: la seguridad ofrecida por los materiales usados para la fabricaci車n dealgunas herramientas destinadas a actividades l迆dicas y/o asistencia educativa, puedeque no se controlen adecuadamente. Algunas de las sustancias m芍s frecuentementeimplicadas son los metales pesados como el plomo y el cadmio, presentes en losjuguetes a trav谷s del policloruro de vinilo (PVC) tambi谷n denominado vinilo.Objetivo: realizar revisi車n tem芍tica sobre la toxicidad potencial que pueden generarjuguetes y materiales educativos, e incentivar la g谷nesis de una conciencia entre losprofesionales de la salud, para fomentar la sospecha cl赤nica de patolog赤as secundariasa intoxicaci車n por el uso de juguetes y 迆tiles escolares.Metodolog赤a: se examinaron art赤culos de revisiones de temas, casos cl赤nicos yresultados de consensos, que contemplaron pacientes pedi芍tricos de ambos sexos, enlos cuales se estudi車 la relaci車n entre sustancias presentes en juguetes y materialeseducativos, con procesos patol車gicos de tipo t車xico. Se realiz車 b迆sq
%K Toxicity
%K Intoxication
%K Toys
%K Educational materials
%K Children.
%U http://www.revistacienciasbiomedicas.com/index.php/revciencbiomed/article/view/178/143