%0 Journal Article
%T La gr¨¨ve comme drame social Strike as a social drama, an anthropological analysis of an urban transportation conflict
%A Ghislaine Gallenga
%J Temporalit¨¦s
%D 2011
%I Laboratoire Printemps
%X Cet article propose une lecture ethnologique de la gr¨¨ve dont la R¨¦gie des Transports de Marseille (RTM) a ¨¦t¨¦ le th¨¦atre en 1995-96, en l¡¯associant ¨¤ la grille d¡¯analyse du drame social selon l¡¯acception de Victor Turner. L¡¯analyse de la gr¨¨ve s¡¯inscrit dans le cadre d¡¯une lecture diachronique des processus de   modernisation   des entreprises de service public. La m¨¦thode ethnographique retenue pour la recherche est celle de l¡¯immersion avec occupation d¡¯un poste de travail - chauffeur de bus dans un d¨¦p t d¡¯un quartier dit sensible de Marseille lors de l¡¯¨¦clatement de la gr¨¨ve. ¨¤ travers une analyse ethnographique d¨¦taill¨¦e des phases successives de ce drame social - rupture, crise, ajustement, r¨¦int¨¦gration - l¡¯article souligne les effets de rupture que celui-ci a engendr¨¦s ainsi que la visibilit¨¦ majeure de certains symboles h¨¦rit¨¦s de la communitas. Ceux-ci marquent la phase de crise ¨¤ l¡¯int¨¦rieur du drame social de la gr¨¨ve. La gr¨¨ve de d¨¦cembre 1995 - janvier 1996 s¡¯est transform¨¦e en un marqueur identitaire et est devenue, ¨¤ l¡¯instar de   la Grande guerre  , dans l¡¯¨¦vocation de maints traminots,   la Grande gr¨¨ve  . This paper is an ethnological analysis of the long strike that occurred in 1995-96 within the Public Transportation Society of the French city of Marseilles. The analysis grid is inspired from the social drama concept of Victor Turner. The analysis of the strike is being understood as a diachronic reading of modernization processes within the public utility sector. The research was conducted through an ethnographic field work which took the form of driving regular buses in a popular neighbourhood of Marseilles as the strike broke out. Through the detailed ethnography of the successive steps of this social drama ¨C breach, crisis, adjustment, redressive action - the paper stresses the breach phenomenon which this social drama brought along as well as the outstanding communitas symbols. These symbols are markers for the crisis phase within the broader social drama of the strike. Thus, the long december 1995-january 96 strike was turned into an identity marker itself and was called among the bus drivers ¡°the Great Strike¡± in reference to ¡°the Great War¡±.
%K social drama
%K strike
%K Victor Turner
%K Marseilles
%K 1995
%K anthropology
%K urban transportation
%K public utility
%K drame social
%K gr¨¨ve
%K Victor Turner
%K Marseille
%K 1995
%K ethnologie
%K transports urbains
%K service public
%U http://temporalites.revues.org/1545