%0 Journal Article
%T Regulation of heme oxygenase expression by alcohol, hypoxia and oxidative stress
%A Lisa Nicole Gerjevic
%A Sizhao Lu
%A Jonathan Pascal Chaky
%A Duygu Dee Harrison-Findik
%J World Journal of Biological Chemistry
%D 2011
%I Baishideng Publishing Group Co. Limited
%R 10.4331/wjbc.v2.i12.252
%X AIM: To study the effect of both acute and chronic alcohol exposure on heme oxygenases (HOs) in the brain, liver and duodenum. METHODS: Wild-type C57BL/6 mice, heterozygous Sod2 knockout mice, which exhibit attenuated manganese superoxide dismutase activity, and liver-specific ARNT knockout mice were used to investigate the role of alcohol-induced oxidative stress and hypoxia. For acute alcohol exposure, ethanol was administered in the drinking water for 1 wk. Mice were pair-fed with regular or ethanol-containing Lieber De Carli liquid diets for 4 wk for chronic alcohol studies. HO expression was analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. RESULTS: Chronic alcohol exposure downregulated HO-1 expression in the brain but upregulated it in the duodenum of wild-type mice. It did not alter liver HO-1 expression, nor HO-2 expression in the brain, liver or duodenum. In contrast, acute alcohol exposure decreased both liver HO-1 and HO-2 expression, and HO-2 expression in the duodenum of wild-type mice. The decrease in liver HO-1 expression was abolished in ARNT+/- mice. Sod2+/- mice with acute alcohol exposure did not exhibit any changes in liver HO-1 and HO-2 expression or in brain HO-2 expression. However, alcohol inhibited brain HO-1 and duodenal HO-2 but increased duodenal HO-1 expression in Sod2+/- mice. Collectively, these findings indicate that acute and chronic alcohol exposure regulates HO expression in a tissue-specific manner. Chronic alcohol exposure alters brain and duodenal, but not liver HO expression. However, acute alcohol exposure inhibits liver HO-1 and HO-2, and also duodenal HO-2 expression. CONCLUSION: The inhibition of liver HO expression by acute alcohol-induced hypoxia may play a role in the early phases of alcoholic liver disease progression.
%K Alcohol
%K Brain
%K Duodenum
%K Heme oxygenase
%K Hypoxia
%K Iron
%K Liver
%K Mitochondria
%K Oxidative stress
%K Reactive oxygen species
%U http://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8454/full/v2/i12/252.htm