%0 Journal Article
%T The Implementation of School-Based Management in Indonesia: Creating conflicts in regional levels
%A Agustinus Bandur
%J The Interdisciplinary Journal of NTT Development Studies
%D 2009
%I 
%X School-Based Management (SBM) has become the most prominent feature of public school management systems in most countries around the world. In Indonesia, the Central Government established a Commission of National Education (Komisi Nasional Pendidikan) in February 2001 on the basis of Law 22/1999 by which education was decentralized. The Commission recommended the formation of school councils at the school level to improve quality of national education. The Government then embarked on the formation of school councils in Western Sumatera, Eastern Java, and Bali. On the basis of these trials, the councils were considered strategic in promoting democratic principles in schools, creating higher levels of parental participation in school governance, and improving the quality of national education. Forthese reasons, in 2002 and 2004, the Government provided a set of guidelines to establish mandatory corporate governing body type school councils in accordance with the Law 22/1999, the Commission andEducation Act 20/2003. With the turn of the 21st Century, all Indonesian public schools have implemented SBM. This paper reports how the implementation of SBM in Indonesia has created conflicts in regional levels, particularly between the regional governments and school stakeholders.
%K School-based management
%K school councils
%K Flores
%U http://ntt-academia.org/nttstudies/Bandur-2009.pdf