%0 Journal Article
%T Down-regulation of PKC¦Æ in renal cell carcinoma and its clinicopathological implications
%A Yeong-Shiau Pu
%A Chao-Yuan Huang
%A Jyue-Yu Chen
%A Wang-Yi Kang
%A Ying-Chu Lin
%A Yu-Shiang Shiu
%A Shu-Ju Chuang
%A Hong-Jeng Yu
%A Ming-Kuen Lai
%A Yu-Chieh Tsai
%A Wen-Jeng Wu
%A Tzyh-Chyuan Hour
%J Journal of Biomedical Science
%D 2012
%I BioMed Central
%R 10.1186/1423-0127-19-39
%X PKC¦Æ mRNA and protein expressions were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) respectively in RCC tissues of 144 patients. Cellular cytotoxicity and proliferation were assessed by MTT.PKC¦Æ expression was significantly higher in normal than in cancerous tissues (P < 0.0001) by real-time PCR and IHC. Similarly, PKC¦Æ expression was down-regulated in four renal cancer cell lines compared to immortalized benign renal tubular cells. Interestingly, an increase of PKC¦Æ expression was associated with the elevated tumor grade (P = 0.04), but no such association was found in TNM stage (P = 0.13). Tumors with higher PKC¦Æ expression were associated with tumor size (P = 0.048). Expression of higher PKC¦Æ found a poor survival in patients with high tumor grade. Down-regulation of PKC¦Æ showed the significant chemoresistance in RCC cell lines. Inactivation of PKC¦Æ expression enhanced cellular resistance to cisplatin and paclitaxel, and proliferation in HK-2 cells by specific PKC¦Æ siRNA and inhibitor.PKC¦Æ expression was associated with tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in RCC.The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing worldwide [1]. RCC mainly arises from renal tubular epithelia [2]. Surgical resection of the diseased tissue has been considered the only curative treatment [3]. Metastatic RCC (mRCC) is generally resistant to chemotherapy and hormonal therapy and marginally sensitive to immunotherapy [4]. Although several promising therapeutic strategies are now available for treating patients with mRCC, nearly all patients die of the metastatic disease. Research is ongoing to identify RCC-specific biomarkers that can improve early diagnosis, surveillance of tumor progression, and prediction of patient prognosis [5]. Markers such as growth factors, laminin, p53 mutations, and others, have been recently examined [6-8]. Unfortunately, none of these markers appear superior to the traditional staging and grading systems. RCC is al
%K Renal cell carcinoma
%K PKC¦Æ
%K Immunohistochemistry
%K Chemoresistance
%K Cytotoxicity
%U http://www.jbiomedsci.com/content/19/1/39