%0 Journal Article
%T 3-mountain and 4-world: the numbers of the banquet of Quechua offerings 3-cerro y 4-mundo: los n¨²meros del banquete en las ofrendas quechuas
%A David Lorente Fern¨¢ndez
%J Anthropologica
%D 2010
%I Pontificia Universidad Cat¨®lica del Per¨²
%X The Quechua offerings in the South of Peru are banquets dedicated to the Pachamama and the Apus, and at the same time, are elaborated mathematical systems controlled by sophisticated operations. Using two principal numbers, 3 and 4, the religious specialist is capable of transmitting polysemic messages. Through the number 3, the religious specialist refers to the people, landscapes and mountains, in sum, to  persons  able to interact among themselves. The number 3 appears in the k¡¯intus, composed of coca leaves, also in the prayers said during the process of the offering ritual. On the contrary, the number 4 does not indicate relationships but spatial forms: it is a geometrical operator that is constructed of the ceremonial square napkin (unk¡¯u a) and paper in which the offering is completely wrapped to make the offering a miniature world, containing the  four directions of the world.  Using these numbers, the religious specialist can recreate the cosmos, establish covenants with the gods and define new situations favorable to the life of Quechuas. Las ofrendas quechuas del sur del Per¨² son platos alimenticios, banquetes destinados principalmente a la pachamama y los apus, pero tambi¨¦n elaborados sistemas matem¨¢ticos regidos por operaciones sofisticadas. Sirvi¨¦ndose de dos n¨²meros fundamentales, el 3 y el 4, los especialistas rituales son capaces de transmitir mensajes polis¨¦micos. Mediante el n¨²mero 3 aglutinan clientes, parajes y cerros, en suma,  personas  capaces de interactuar entre s¨ª. El 3 aparece en los k¡¯intus de hojas de coca y en las oraciones que se recitan durante el proceso de realizar la ofrenda. Por el contrario, el n¨²mero 4 no indica relaciones sino formas espaciales: es un operador geom¨¦trico que unifica la servilleta ceremonial (unk¡¯u a), el papel envoltorio y el paquete acabado para representar las cuatro direcciones del mundo y hacer de la ofrenda un mundo en miniatura. Gracias a los dos n¨²meros el ritualista puede recrear el cosmos, establecer convenios con los dioses y definir nuevas situaciones favorables para la vida de sus clientes.
%K numerolog¨ªa andina
%K ofrendas
%K cosmolog¨ªa
%K ritualidad
%K quechuas
%K Per¨²
%U http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/anthropologica/article/view/1321