%0 Journal Article
%T ADN   environnemental   : un saut m¨¦thodologique pour les inventaires de la biodiversit¨¦   Environnemental   DNA: a methodological jump for biodiversity surveys
%A MIAUD
%A Claude
%A TABERLET
%A Pierre
%A DEJEAN
%A Tony
%J Sciences Eaux & Territoires : la Revue du IRSTEA
%D 2012
%I IRSTEA
%X Utilis¨¦e en France pour r¨¦aliser l¡¯inventaire de la grenouille taureau dans le cadre d¡¯un programme d¡¯¨¦radication de cette esp¨¨ce envahissante, la m¨¦hode de l'ADNe a montr¨¦ des r¨¦sultats encourageants pour d¨¦tecter l¡¯esp¨¨ce dans des sites o¨´ elle est pr¨¦sente ¨¤ de faibles densit¨¦s. Focus sur cette nouvelle m¨¦thode de d¨¦tection ¨¤ fort potentiel dans le domaine des inventaires de biodiversit¨¦ et de la d¨¦tection pr¨¦coce des esp¨¨ces envahissantes. Living organisms leave DNA fragments in their environment. Molecular biology tools are used to amplify specific DNA fragments. As a result it is possible to performed biodiversity surveys based on samples (water, soil, etc.) containing DNA fragments (called DNAe for environmental DNA) and identifying species. This method was used for the first time in France to survey the invasive American Bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus as part as an eradication program. The results show a much higher efficiency of this new method to detect the species at sites where it is present at low densities. DNAe method was also used in North America to detect Asian carps - invasive - in the channels of Chicago. The method was again very sensitive and more efficient than conventional methods (electrofishing). There are still methodological developments to consolidate but the potential of the DNAe method for biodiversity surveys and early detection of invasive species should be quickly demonstrated in studies where it is currently used (aquatic mammals, crayfishes, amphibians, fishes, etc.).
%K GESTION
%K ESPECES
%K EXOTIQUE
%K INVENTAIRE
%K DETECTION
%K RISQUE
%K PREVENTION
%K ADN
%U http://www.set-revue.fr/sites/default/files/archives/Article_16.pdf