%0 Journal Article
%T Surely not!Between certainty and disbelief
%A Graham Ranger
%J Discours : Revue de Linguistique, Psycholinguistique et Informatique
%D 2011
%I Universit¨¦ Paris Sorbonne-Paris IV
%R 10.4000/discours.8416
%X The marker surely possesses at least three different functions: as an intrapredicative adverb of manner, an extrapredicative epistemic adverb and a discourse adverb. In this paper I will propose a single characterisation of surely within the framework of the Theory of Enunciative Operations (cf. Culioli, 1990, 1999a and 1999b). We will see that, depending on variable contextual parameters, surely assumes one of its three possible values. More precisely, surely marks a correspondence between, on the one hand, a preconstructed trajectory leading from a start point to an end point (from (p, non-p) to p), and on the other, the same trajectory constructed in the speech situation by the speaker. When the trajectory bears upon the mode of realisation of a process, surely assumes its intrapredicative value, when it bears upon the passage from a source situation to a projected situation, surely functions extrapredicatively, as an epistemic adverb. The discourse adverb function of surely poses some problems for analysis. When epistemic, surely appears to mark certainty, but when discursive, it appears rather to mark doubt, disbelief or incomprehension, according to context. I propose that when surely is used in this way, it marks the speaker¡¯s endorsement of a preconstructed trajectory while also acknowledging the presence of a preconstructed, counteroriented trajectory, endorsed by another speaker. The shift from certainty to doubt might be explained as the consequence of the speaker¡¯s recognition of a wider discursive context. The various contextual values of the discourse adverb surely (cf. Downing, 2001, for example) depend, among other factors, on how the speaker positions his or her discourse relative to other enunciative instances. Le marqueur anglais surely poss¨¨de au moins trois fonctions diff¨¦rentes : adverbe de mani¨¨re intrapr¨¦dicatif, adverbe ¨¦pist¨¦mique extrapr¨¦dicatif et adverbe de discours. Dans cet article je proposerai une caract¨¦risation unique de surely dans le cadre de la Th¨¦orie des Op¨¦rations ¨¦nonciatives (cf. Culioli, 1990, 1999a et 1999b). Nous verrons que, selon des param¨¨tres contextuels variables, surely prend l¡¯une de ses trois valeurs possibles. Plus pr¨¦cis¨¦ment, surely marque une correspondance entre, d¡¯un c t¨¦, une trajectoire pr¨¦construite menant d¡¯un point de d¨¦part vers un point d¡¯arriv¨¦e (de (p, non-p) vers p), et, de l¡¯autre, la m¨ºme trajectoire construite dans la situation d¡¯¨¦nonciation par l¡¯¨¦nonciateur. Lorsque la trajectoire porte sur le mode de r¨¦alisation d¡¯un proc¨¨s, surely prend sa valeur intrapr¨¦dicative ; lorsque la tr
%K discourse
%K grammaticalization
%K enunciation
%K discourse marker
%K adverb
%K interaction
%K discours
%K grammaticalisation
%K ¨¦nonciation
%K adverbe
%K marqueurs de discours
%K interaction
%U http://discours.revues.org/8416