%0 Journal Article
%T L¡¯effet de pr¨¦sence : entre image fixe et image anim¨¦e, les repr¨¦sentations de la Passion (fin XIXe-d¨¦but XXe si¨¨cle) In search of presence: Representations of the Passion between the fixed and moving image (late 19th, early 20th century)
%A Isabelle Saint-Martin
%J Cahiers d'¨¦tudes du Religieux
%D 2008
%I Maison des Sciences de l'Homme
%R 10.4000/cerri.1058
%X Les repr¨¦sentations de la Passion et de la Vie de J¨¦sus ont figur¨¦ parmi les premiers titres des d¨¦buts du cin¨¦ma. A posteriori, la critique des films religieux, notamment dans les ann¨¦es soixante, a ¨¦t¨¦ s¨¦v¨¨re pour ces tentatives jug¨¦es plus commerciales que tr¨¨s inspir¨¦es. L¡¯int¨¦r¨ºt pour le cin¨¦ma des premiers temps s¡¯est approfondi dans les derni¨¨res d¨¦cennies et favorise une autre approche de ces productions des ann¨¦es 1895-1920. Restituer l¡¯univers visuel dans lequel ces films ont pris naissance permet de pr¨¦ciser les modalit¨¦s de repr¨¦sentation des sujets biblique, en lien avec l¡¯historicisme et l¡¯orientalisme. Outre les liens ¨¦troits avec la peinture et la photographie, ces premiers films retrouvent certains effets narratifs des jeux de la Passion ou des projections d¡¯images fixes encore abondantes au tournant du XXe si¨¨cle. S¡¯attacher ¨¤ la conception de la figuration contribue ¨¤ cerner le   d¨¦sir de voir   et l¡¯effet de pr¨¦sence christique qui se manifestent dans ces premi¨¨res Passion film¨¦es. Representations of the Passion and the Life of Jesus Christ were a popular topic in early cinema. Retrospective criticism, especially in the 1960¡¯s, was judgmental towards the first religious films, insofar as they were regarded more as commercially driven reenactments than inspired works. Interest in early cinema deepened in recent decades, and has led to a different reading of productions from the period 1895-1920. By restoring the universe of visual references in which these films arose, we are able to relate representations of biblical subjects to movements in historicism and Orientalism. Beyond their close relationship with painting and photography, these early films also reproduced the narrative effects of Passion plays or projections of fixed images that were still widespread at the turn of the 20th century. A focus on figurative conception will help us reconnect with the "need to see" and the effect of christic presence that were manifest in the first filmed Passions.
%K Passion of Christ
%K Jesus in cinema
%K Jesus in film
%K Christian iconography
%K religious film
%K religion and film
%K early days of cinema
%K Passion du Christ
%K J¨¦sus au cin¨¦ma
%K iconographie chr¨¦tienne
%K film religieux
%K Cin¨¦ma des premiers temps
%U http://cerri.revues.org/1058