%0 Journal Article
%T Association of Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectations with Physical Activity in Adults with Arthritis
%A Thelma J. Mielenz
%A Kathryn L. Kubiak-Rizzone
%A Kimberly J. Alvarez
%A Patrick R. Hlavacek
%A Janet K. Freburger
%A Carol Giuliani
%A Vicki S. Mercer
%A Leigh F. Callahan
%J Arthritis
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/621396
%X Background and Purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine whether higher baseline levels of (a) self-efficacy for physical activity, (b) self-efficacy for arthritis self-management, and (c) outcome expectations for exercise are associated with higher physical activity levels following an exercise intervention for adults with arthritis. Methods. A secondary analysis of the intervention cohort ( ) within a randomized controlled trial of the People with Arthritis Can Exercise program was performed. Multiple linear regression evaluated the relationship between physical activity at a time point three months after the completion of an exercise intervention and three main explanatory variables. Results. After controlling for baseline physical activity, neither self-efficacy for arthritis self-management nor outcome expectations for exercise related to three-month physical activity levels. There was a relationship between three-month physical activity and self-efficacy for physical activity. Conclusions. Future research is needed to evaluate the ability of self-efficacy-enhancing programs to increase physical activity in adults with arthritis. 1. Introduction The benefits of physical activity are numerous and range from disease prevention and management to the enhancement of mental and physical well-being. In adults of all ages, physical activity is associated with lower death rates; prevention and management of hypertension; maintenance of strength, agility, and bone mass; and reduction in the symptoms of certain mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety [1]. Among those with chronic disabling conditions like arthritis, physical activity has additional benefits. For example, aerobic and resistive exercise programs have been shown to significantly decrease pain and self-reported disability and improve strength, maximum walking speed, maximal aerobic capacity, and functional performance measures [2¨C5]. On the other hand, inactivity among adults with arthritis is associated with several health consequences, including pain, onset of disability, loss of independence in activities of daily living, and decreased quality of life [6, 7]. Physically inactive adults with arthritis also incur substantially higher medical costs compared to more active individuals with arthritis. In one year, the medical costs associated with inactivity among adults with arthritis have been shown to exceed $1200 per person [8]. To achieve health benefits and avoid the consequences of inactivity, the Surgeon General in 1996 recommended that all Americans accumulate at least 30
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/arthritis/2013/621396/