%0 Journal Article
%T In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Deacetylasperulosidic Acid in Noni
%A De-Lu Ma
%A Mai Chen
%A Chen X. Su
%A Brett J. West
%J Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/804504
%X Deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) is a major phytochemical constituent of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit. Noni juice has demonstrated antioxidant activity in vivo and in human trials. To evaluate the role of DAA in this antioxidant activity, Wistar rats were fed 0 (control group), 15, 30, or 60£¿mg/kg body weight per day for 7 days. Afterwards, serum malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were measured and compared among groups. A dose-dependent reduction in malondialdehyde was evident as well as a dose-dependent increase in superoxide dismutase activity. DAA ingestion did not influence serum glutathione peroxidase activity. These results suggest that DAA contributes to the antioxidant activity of noni juice by increasing superoxide dismutase activity. The fact that malondialdehyde concentrations declined with increased DAA dose, despite the lack of glutathione peroxidase-inducing activity, suggests that DAA may also increase catalase activity. It has been previously reported that noni juice increases catalase activity in vivo but additional research is required to confirm the effect of DAA on catalase. Even so, the current findings do explain a possible mechanism of action for the antioxidant properties of noni juice that have been observed in human clinical trials. 1. Introduction Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as noni, is a small tree that has been used as a traditional source of food and medicine throughout the tropics [1, 2]. A variety of potential health benefits have been reported for noni fruit juice [3]. These include immunomodulation [4, 5] and antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo [6¨C8]. The antioxidant activity of noni juice was found to be associated with increased endurance in athletes [9]. In a human clinical trial involving heavy cigarette smokers, consumption of noni juice resulted in lowered plasma concentrations of superoxide anion radicals (SAR) and lipid hydroperoxides [10]. Further, consumption of noni juice also decreased the level of lipid peroxidation-derived DNA adducts in the lymphocytes of heavy smokers [11]. In vivo research has demonstrated that noni juice increases superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activities [12]. The superoxide anion radical (SAR) is a major cellular reactive oxygen species and may be generated via enzymatic and nonenzymatic process or may come from exogenous sources, including cigarette smoke [13]. SOD catalyzes the dismutation of SAR to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen [14]. GPx is capable of reducing free
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jamc/2013/804504/