%0 Journal Article
%T Validated Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for Quantification of Furosemide in Tablets and Nanoparticles
%A Ibrahima Youm
%A Bi-Botti Celestin Youan
%J Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/207028
%X A simple, sensitive, and specific method for furosemide (FUR) analysis by reverse-phase-HPLC was developed using a Spherisorb C18 ODS 2 column. A chromatographic analysis was carried out using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 10£¿mM potassium phosphate buffer solution: 70£¿:£¿30 (v/v) at pH 3.85, at a flow rate of 1£¿mL¡¤min£¿1. The UV-detection method was carried out at 233£¿nm at room temperature. Validation parameters including limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity range, precision, accuracy, robustness, and specificity were investigated. Results indicated that the calibration curve was linear ( ) in the range of 5.2 to 25,000£¿ng¡¤mL£¿1, with ¦Å value equal to £¿L¡¤M£¿1¡¤cm£¿1. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 5.2 and 15.8£¿ng¡¤mL£¿1, respectively. The developed method was found to be accurate (RSD less than 2%), precise, and specific with an intraday and interday RSD range of 1.233¨C1.509 and 1.615 to 1.963%. The stability of native FUR has also been performed in simulated perilymph and endolymph media (with respective potency in each medium of % and %, ) after 6 hours. This method may be routinely used for the quantitative analysis of FUR from nanocarriers, USP tablets and release media related to hearing research 1. Introduction Furosemide, 5-(aminosulfonyl)-4-chloro-2-[(2 furanylmethyl) amino] benzoic acid, (FUR) a loop diuretic has been used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema (Figure 1). FUR acts on thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle leading to a loss of sodium, potassium, and chloride that are dispatched in the urine [1]. This results in a decrease in sodium and chloride reabsorption, while increasing the excretion of potassium in the distal renal tubule. The diuretic effect of orally administered FUR appears within 30 minutes to 1 hour and is maximal in the first or second hour [2]. For the treatment of cardiac diseases, its daily dose is 20¨C80£¿mg for adults [3]. For pediatric use this dose is ranged from 1£¿mg¡¤kg£¿1 up to a maximum of 40£¿mg daily neonates [3]. Figure 1: Chemical structure of furosemide. FUR has been reported to be the etiologic agent responsible for the permanent sensorineural hearing loss [4]. Recent work has demonstrated that FUR decreases the active cochlear mechanics in reducing the threshold shift following broadband continuous noise [5]. Thereby, it reduces the mobility of the basilar membrane of the cochlea and decreases the transduction that normally results from the bending of stereocilia on hair cells [6]. Therefore, FUR can be an appropriate drug model to target the
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jamc/2013/207028/