%0 Journal Article
%T Modification of Poly(ether ether ketone) Polymer for Fuel Cell Application
%A Devesh Shukla
%A Yuvraj Singh Negi
%A Vijai Kumar
%J Journal of Applied Chemistry
%D 2013
%R 10.1155/2013/386903
%X Polyelectrolyte membrane (PEM) is an important part of PEM fuel cell. Nafion is a commercially known membrane which gives the satisfactory result in PEM fuel cell operating at low temperature. Present research paper includes functionalization of Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) polymer with phosphonic acid group. The functionalization was done with the help of nickel-based catalyst. Further, the polymer was characterized by the FTIR, EDAX, DSC, TGA, and 1H NMR, and it was found that PEEK polymer was functionalized with phosphonic acid group with good thermal stability in comparison to virgin PEEK. Finally, the thin films of functionalized polymer were prepared by solution casting method, and proton conductivity of film samples was measured by impedance spectra whose value was found satisfactory with good thermal stability in comparison to commercially available Nafion membrane. 1. Introduction PEEK is a semicrystalline aromatic polymer having high melting temperature (335ˇăC) and very low or no solubility in ordinary solvents at room temperature. Sulfuric acid is the common solvent which dissolves and also sulfonates PEEK at room temperature. Dilute solutions at high temperatures can also be obtained in hydrofluoric acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, dichlorotetrafluoroacetone monohydrate, phenol 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, and benzophenone [1]. Therefore, modification of PEEK is typical to some extent but desired for many applications such as polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) where acid functionalized polymer is required. In case of PEEK, functionalization in polymer stage is mostly reported on sulfonation and nitration [2]. Phosphonation of polymer is one of the methods to modify their properties such as proton conductivity, mechanical and thermal stability, and in polymer stage it was reported by various groups. Alexandratos et al. [3] reported the phosphonation of polystyrene using PCl3 which gave the cross-linked polymer. However, Jakoby et al. [4] reported that the highly substituted phosphonic acid derivative of polyphenylsulfone (PPS) was achieved via the Pd-dibenzylideneacetone (dba) complexed catalyst in solvent diphenyl ether. Increase of reaction temperature from 90ˇăC to 120ˇăC also enhanced the substitution level. Bock et al. [5] reported phosphonation of the polysulfones (PSU) using nickel chloride and silylated phosphonates. The route was found less expensive and gave the halogen free product in comparison to palladium-based catalytic route. Lafitte and Jannasch [6] reported a phosphonation of polysulfones via the lithiation of
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jac/2013/386903/