%0 Journal Article
%T Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome One Year after Delivery in Finnish Women at Increased Risk for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Pregnancy
%A Jatta Puhkala
%A Tarja I. Kinnunen
%A Tommi Vasankari
%A Katriina Kukkonen-Harjula
%A Jani Raitanen
%A Riitta Luoto
%J Journal of Pregnancy
%D 2013
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2013/139049
%X Background. Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk for metabolic syndrome (MeS) after delivery. We studied the prevalence of MeS at one year postpartum among Finnish women who in early pregnancy were at increased risk of developing GDM. Methods. This follow-up study is a part of a GDM prevention trial. At one year postpartum, 150 women (mean age 33.1 years, BMI 27.2ˋkg/m2) were evaluated for MeS. Results. The prevalence of MeS was 18% according tothe International Diabetes Federation(IDF) criteria and 16% according toNational Cholestrol Education Program(NCEP) criteria. Of MeS components, 74% of participants had an increased waist circumference (≡80ˋcm). Twenty-seven percent had elevated fasting plasma glucose (≡5.6ˋmmol/L), and 29% had reduced HDL cholesterol (≒1.3ˋmmol/L). The odds ratio for the occurrence of MeS at one year postpartum was 3.0 (95% CI 1.0每9.2) in those who were overweight before pregnancy compared to normal weight women. Conclusions. Nearly one-fifth of the women with an increased risk of GDM in early pregnancy fulfilled the criteria of MeS at one year postpartum. The most important factor associated with MeS was prepregnancy overweight. Weight management before and during pregnancy is important for preventing MeS after delivery. 1. Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MeS) is defined as a cluster of atherosclerotic risk factors, including abdominal obesity, elevated serum triglycerides, decreased HDL cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, and elevated serum plasma glucose [1每3]. Insulin resistance is a central feature in the pathogenesis of MeS [4] in addition to an unhealthy diet and physical inactivity promoting overweight and genetic factors [1, 5每7]. As obesity increases worldwide, this leads to an increased incidence and an earlier onset of MeS [3, 8, 9]. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a disorder in glucose and insulin metabolism, is one of the most common complications in pregnancy [10]. Depending on the population and the diagnostic criteria used, the prevalence is roughly 1%每14% of pregnancies [10, 11]; and the occurrence is increasing worldwide [12, 13]. The most important risk factors for GDM are prepregnancy overweight, high maternal age and a family history of type 2 diabetes [14]. Women with a history of GDM are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and also MeS after delivery [15每17]. Among Canadian women with a history of GDM, the prevalence of MeS was 20% at as early as three months postpartum [18]. According to studies from the USA and Denmark, approximately
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jp/2013/139049/