%0 Journal Article
%T Effects of Enoant and Ischemia and Reperfusion on Lens Metabolites of Rats
%A H¨¹lya G¨¹ngel
%A Asiye Nurten
%A £¿hsan Kara
%A Serife Evrim Kepekci Tekkeli
%A Elif £¿zk£¿k
%A Bur£¿in Y£¿ld£¿z
%J ISRN Analytical Chemistry
%D 2013
%R 10.1155/2013/964601
%X The effects of the ischemia and reperfusion on the lens metabolites and the effect of a phytotherapeutic commercial product called ¡°Enoant¡± (mixed polyphenol content) on the selected lens metabolites were investigated. For this aim, 30 Wistar rats were divided into three groups according to their diet and being subjected to ischemia. 10 of the rats as Group I were fed on dry diet; the other 10 (Group II) were fed on dry diet and drinking water with Enoant. At the end of 15 days period, both groups of rats were subjected to ischemia for 2 hours and reperfused. After another 15 days with their same diet, the rats were decapitated. The remaining 10 rats, which were not subjected to ischemia (Group III), were fed on dry diet only. 1HNMR spectroscopy was used for the determination of lens metabolites of each group of rats. The results obtained from the three groups have been compared statistically. The differences of metabolites were significant except pyruvate and succinate. Oral administration of Enoant revealed effects on increasing membrane stabilization, the antioxidant capacity, osmotic regulator molecule capacity, and sorbitol content of lens disturbed by ischemia. Enoant can be used where oxidative or osmotic stress is formed. 1. Introduction As a necessity of life, the oxidative occurrences in cells cause the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are neutralized in lens through enzymatic or nonenzymatic means [1¨C3]. The insuffiencies in antioxidative systems induce production of several inflammatory proteins which contribute to the process of cells that promote damage to lipids, DNA, carbohydrates, and proteins. ROS or free oxygen radicals stimulate cataract development. There are a large number of published items related to antioxidants that inhibit the development of cataract [4]. High plants contain flavones that adsorb free oxygen radicals and carry anti-inflammatory characteristics, and they also contain proanthocyanin and other polyphenolic compounds. Proanthocyanin have been reported to inhibit lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation, and capillary permeability and fragility and to modulate the enzyme of systems including cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase [5, 6]. They may prevent free radical-mediated cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation and protect low-density lipoproteins from oxidation [7]. Grape seed, grape juice, and wine are rich in these polyphenolic compounds. Resveratrol, quercetin, and catechin have recently been shown to have activity against oxidative stress. Flavones in the form of pure matter have been known to have
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn.analytical.chemistry/2013/964601/