%0 Journal Article
%T Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Ectoine Nasal Spray in Patients with Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis
%A Andrea Eichel
%A Andreas Bilstein
%A Nina Werkh£¿user
%A Ralph M£¿sges
%J Journal of Allergy
%D 2014
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2014/292545
%X Objectives. The meta-analysis aims to investigate the efficacy of ectoine nasal spray and eye drops in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms. Design and Methods. This meta-analysis is based on yet unpublished data of four studies. Both nasal and eye symptoms were documented in patient diary cards. All scales were transformed into a 4-point scale: 0 = no, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe symptoms. Each symptom was analysed individually in a meta-analysis of the area under the curve values as well as in a meta-analysis of pre- and posttreatment comparison. Results. After seven days of treatment with ectoine nasal spray both nasal and ocular symptoms decreased significantly. A strong reduction of symptom severity was shown for the parameters rhinorrhoea (31.76% reduction) and nasal obstruction (29.94% reduction). Furthermore, the meta-analyses of individual symptoms to investigate the strength of effect after seven days of medication intake showed significant improvement for nasal obstruction, rhinorrhoea, nasal itching, sneezing, itching of eyes, and redness of eyes. The improvement of the symptom nasal obstruction was associated with a strong effect 0.53 (¡À0.26). Conclusions. The ectoine nasal spray and eye drops seem to be equally effective as guideline-recommended medication in the treatment of rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms. 1. Introduction Allergic rhinitis is clinically defined as an inflammation of the nose with characteristic symptoms such as rhinorrhoea, nasal obstruction, sneezing, and/or itching of the nose. The symptomatic disorder of the nasal mucosa and tissue is associated with an IgE-mediated immune response to allergens and is characterised by two phases: an immediate response after allergen exposure (early phase) and a late phase occurring up to 12 hours later, which predominantly causes nasal congestion [1]. If a concurrent respiratory infection is present, a patient¡¯s probability of developing bronchial asthma as comorbidity increases. Likewise, the risk of developing further allergies with more severe symptoms rises over the time of the disease [2]. A variety of causes for rhinitis exist in both children and adults, but 50% of all cases can be ascribed to allergy [3]. Due to its prevalence, impact on quality of life, impairment of work or school performance, reducing effect on productivity, economic burden, and risk of comorbidities, allergic rhinitis is regarded worldwide as a major chronic respiratory disease. Moreover, it can be associated with significant fatigue, mood changes, cognitive
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ja/2014/292545/