%0 Journal Article
%T Amino Acid Compositions of 27 Food Fishes and Their Importance in Clinical Nutrition
%A Bimal Mohanty
%A Arabinda Mahanty
%A Satabdi Ganguly
%A T. V. Sankar
%A Kajal Chakraborty
%A Anandan Rangasamy
%A Baidyanath Paul
%A Debajit Sarma
%A Suseela Mathew
%A Kurukkan Kunnath Asha
%A Bijay Behera
%A Md. Aftabuddin
%A Dipesh Debnath
%A P. Vijayagopal
%A N. Sridhar
%A M. S. Akhtar
%A Neetu Sahi
%A Tandrima Mitra
%A Sudeshna Banerjee
%A Prasenjit Paria
%A Debajeet Das
%A Pushpita Das
%A K. K. Vijayan
%A P. T. Laxmanan
%A A. P. Sharma
%J Journal of Amino Acids
%D 2014
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2014/269797
%X Proteins and amino acids are important biomolecules which regulate key metabolic pathways and serve as precursors for synthesis of biologically important substances; moreover, amino acids are building blocks of proteins. Fish is an important dietary source of quality animal proteins and amino acids and play important role in human nutrition. In the present investigation, crude protein content and amino acid compositions of important food fishes from different habitats have been studied. Crude protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method and amino acid composition was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and information on 27 food fishes was generated. The analysis showed that the cold water species are rich in lysine and aspartic acid, marine fishes in leucine, small indigenous fishes in histidine, and the carps and catfishes in glutamic acid and glycine. The enriched nutrition knowledge base would enhance the utility of fish as a source of quality animal proteins and amino acids and aid in their inclusion in dietary counseling and patient guidance for specific nutritional needs. 1. Introduction Amino acids are important biomolecules that both serve as building blocks of proteins and are intermediates in various metabolic pathways. They serve as precursors for synthesis of a wide range of biologically important substances including nucleotides, peptide hormones, and neurotransmitters. Moreover, amino acids play important roles in cell signaling and act as regulators of gene expression and protein phosphorylation cascade [1], nutrient transport and metabolism in animal cells [2], and innate and cell-mediated immune responses. Amino acids are mainly obtained from proteins in diet and the quality of dietary protein is assessed from essential to nonessential amino acid ratio. High quality proteins are readily digestible and contain the dietary essential amino acids (EAA) in quantities that correspond to human requirements [3]. Proteins, the most abundant macromolecules found in biological systems, are present in diverse forms such as structural elements, enzymes, hormones, antibodies, receptors, signaling molecules, and so forth, having specific biological functions. Protein is necessary for key body functions including provision of essential amino acids and development and maintenance of muscles. Inadequate uptake of quality proteins and calories in diet leads to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) (or protein-calorie malnutrition, PCM) which is the most lethal form of malnutrition/hunger. Kwashiorkor and marasmus, the extreme conditions
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jaa/2014/269797/