%0 Journal Article
%T 干旱区水利供给公共性的实践机制——基于宁夏平原T村的考察<br>Practice Mechanism of Public Water Supply in Arid Areas—— Based on Field Research of T Village in Ningxia Plain
%A 吴海龙
%J 西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版)
%D 2018
%X 宁夏平原干旱的自然条件使得水利供给必然要依靠效率远高于私人小水利的大水利系统，干旱缺水的自然条件使得农民没有等待降雨的侥幸心理和退出大水利灌溉的自然空间。共同的水利灌溉需求以及地缘关系使得乡村社会形成了公共水利秩序，通过交水费的公共舆论、集体灌溉的“一把锹”和集体义务工共同维护着地方的水利秩序。干旱地区的水利作为农民的公共必需品，使得水利供给成为了地方政府的政治责任，从而在干旱地区出现了政治动员下的义务工水利维修和政治兜底下的用水者协会运作。干旱地区的水利供给更为困难和复杂，需要农民、乡村社会和基层政权投入更多，进行更为高效协调的公共灌溉和排涝。<br>Due to its dry natural conditions, the Ningxia plain has to rely on large water conservancy system, whose efficiency is much higher than private small water conservancy, to supply water. Besides, dry natural conditions prevent farmers from taking chances on waiting for rain and abandoning public water systems. The common demand of water conservancy for irrigation and regional relations help the rural society to create the order of the public water conservancy. The public opinion about paying water rate, the collective irrigation water with “a shovel” and collective volunteers jointly maintain the local water conservancy order. In arid regions, water conservancy is farmers’ public necessity, and water supply has become the political responsibility of local government. Therefore, in arid areas there appears compulsory water conservancy maintenance which owes to the political mobilization and the operation of the water users association with the guarantee of the government. Since the water supply in arid regions is getting increasingly difficult and complicated, it requires farmers, rural society and grass-roots regime to put more into water conservancy to make the operation of public irrigation and drainage more efficient and coordinated.
%K 干旱区 大水利 乡村社会 基层政权&lt
%K br&gt
%K arid area large water conservancy rural society grass roots regime
%U http://www.xnxbs.net/xbnlkjdxskb/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20180118&flag=1