%0 Journal Article
%T Evaluation of Direct Cost of Adverse Drug Reactions To Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Indian Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients - Evaluation of Direct Cost of Adverse Drug Reactions To Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Indian Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients - Open Access Pub
%A Radhakrishnan Rajesh a Sudha Vidyasagar b Danturulu Muralidhar Varma b Noorunnisa c Vasudeva Guddattu d
%J OAP | Home | Journal of Clinical Research In HIV AIDS And Prevention | Open Access Pub
%D 2018
%X In India, interruptions to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and no reports on the direct cost incurred in the management of ADRs to HAART are available. There is a need to study direct cost incurred with ADRs to HAART to explore the high economic cost burden imposed by ADRs to HAART in HIV/AIDS patients. This study was aimed to evaluate the direct cost incurred in the management of ADRs to HAART in Indian HIV positive patients. This prospective study was conducted at a Medicine department in a South Indian tertiary care teaching hospitals were ADRs reporting system exist. HIV-positive hospitalized in-patients were identified and intensively monitored for ADRs to HAART. The World Health Organization (WHO) probability scale was used for causality assessment of ADRs. Modified Hart wig and Siegel scale was used for severity assessment of ADRs.Pearson chi-square test identified association of mean direct cost between ADRs and without ADRs by investigating total mean direct cost. The overall direct cost per ADRs to HAART was found to be higher in the context of expenditure on health care cost in India. DOI10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-12-71 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients requires a combination of three to four antiretroviral, termed highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART). HIV infected patients with HAART have a higher risk of developing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) than the general population and have a significant impact on patient¡¯s current and future care options.1 ADRs to HAART is recognized as the key factor that increases the overall healthcare costs in both admission to hospital and prolongation of length of hospital stay.2 ADRs to HAART are one of the leading causes that affects the quality of life in HIV/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) and results in increase in direct and indirect cost of HIV management with economic burden to the HIV infected patients as well as to the society.3 In India, the National AIDS Control organization (NACO) initiated free HAART for HIV and related opportunistic infections4.Currently, over 320,000 people living with HIV receiving HAART at more than 260 public government hospitals across the country. According to NACO treatment, HIV infected patients receive a fixed dose HAART regimen, consisting of either zidovudine or stavudine with lamivudine in combination with either efavirenz or nevirapine.5 In India, 25% of HIV patients discontinue their initial HAART regimen within the first eight months of therapy because of ADRs which leads
%U https://www.openaccesspub.org/jcrhap/article/25