%0 Journal Article %T The social origins of female combatants %A Jakana L Thomas %A Reed M Wood %J Conflict Management and Peace Science %@ 1549-9219 %D 2018 %R 10.1177/0738894217695524 %X We investigate the factors that lead some rebel organizations to deploy women in combat roles while others restrict womenĄŻs participation to non-combat roles or exclude them entirely. Our argument focuses on the influence of the scope and frequency of womenĄŻs prior participation in social, political, and economic activities on groupsĄŻ decisions to employ women in combat roles and womenĄŻs desire to pursue such roles when they are made available. We evaluate our hypotheses using a new dataset on womenĄŻs combat participation in rebel movements active from 1979 to 2009. Our results provide support for our central hypothesis %K Civil war %K female combatants %K gender and conflict %K rebellion %U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0738894217695524