%0 Journal Article
%T Shell Shape Analysis and Spatial Allometry Patterns of Manila Clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) in a Mesotidal Coastal Lagoon
%A Nathalie Caill-Milly
%A No£¿lle Bru
%A K¨¦lig Mah¨¦
%A Catherine Borie
%A Frank D'Amico
%J Journal of Marine Biology
%D 2012
%I Hindawi Publishing Corporation
%R 10.1155/2012/281206
%X While gradual allometric changes of shells are intrinsically driven by genotype, morphometrical shifts can also be modulated by local environmental conditions. Consequently the common use of a unique dimension (usually length) to assess bivalves¡¯ growth may mask phenotypic differences in valve shape among populations. A morphometric exhaustive study was conducted on Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, by acquiring data in the French Arcachon Bay (intrasite phenotypic variability) and by comparing with other sites in the literature (intersite phenotypic variability). 2070 shells were subsampled, weighted, and automatically measured using TNPC software. Some ratios¡¯ values indicate a relatively round and globular shape shell in comparison with other sites confirming poor conditions for some individuals. Among adult clams, three main morphological groups were identified and discussed according to spatial considerations. Allometric relations for pairs of shell descriptors were determined by testing classical linear and piecewise regression models on log-transformed relation of Huxley. A significant shape change correlated to size was observed; it corresponds to the second year of life of the clam. Relationships between density, disease, and shell shape are demonstrated and discussed related to other potential factors affecting shell shape. Finally, consequences on population regulation are addressed. 1. Introduction Growth of individuals is commonly assessed by correlating the evolution of the largest dimension of the individuals along time. For bivalves, this dimension can be the valve¡¯s length as for cockle, clam, mussel, razor shell, the valve¡¯s height as for oyster, scallop [1]. The shape changes of the shell are induced by the differential growth vectors operating at distinct locations around the mantle edge [2], organ that plays a key role in the shell secretion. This highlights the need of taking into account several allometric ratios. Those gradual allometric changes are clearly driven by genotype and occur during ontogeny; they are usually associated with the conservation concept of physiological favorable surface area to volume ratios [1]. At the same time, those morphometrical shifts can also be modulated by local environmental conditions [3¨C12]. So, the convenient approach which consists in considering growth through a unique dimension can mask phenotypic plasticity responses in valve shape. While bivalves allocate a significant portion of their total energy budget to shell growth [13], apparent disparities concerning length could occur among
%U http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jmb/2012/281206/