%0 Journal Article
%T Left ventricular dysfunction after two hours of polarizing or depolarizing cardioplegic arrest in a porcine model
%A Atle Solholm
%A Christian Arvei Moen
%A David J. Chambers
%A Geir Olav Dahle
%A Ketil Grong
%A Knut Matre
%A Knut Nesheim
%A Lodve Stangeland
%A Malte Urban
%A Rune Haaverstad
%A Terje Aass
%J Perfusion
%@ 1477-111X
%D 2019
%R 10.1177/0267659118791357
%X This experimental study compares myocardial function after prolonged arrest by St. Thomas¡¯ Hospital polarizing cardioplegic solution (esmolol, adenosine, Mg2+) with depolarizing (hyperkalaemic) St. Thomas¡¯ Hospital No 2, both administered as cold oxygenated blood cardioplegia. Twenty anaesthetized pigs on tepid (34¡ãC) cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were randomised to cardioplegic arrest for 120 min with antegrade, repeated, cold, oxygenated, polarizing (STH-POL) or depolarizing (STH-2) blood cardioplegia every 20 min. Cardiac function was evaluated at Baseline and 60, 150 and 240 min after weaning from CPB, using a pressure-conductance catheter and epicardial echocardiography. Regional tissue blood flow, cleaved caspase-3 activity and levels of malondialdehyde were evaluated in myocardial tissue samples. Preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) was increased after polarizing compared to depolarizing cardioplegia 150 min after declamping (73.0¡À3.2 vs. 64.3¡À2.4 mmHg, p=0.047). Myocardial tissue blood flow rate was high in both groups compared to the Baseline levels and decreased significantly in the STH-POL group only, from 60 min to 150 min after declamping (p<0.005). Blood flow was significantly reduced in the STH-POL compared to the STH-2 group 240 min after declamping (p<0.05). Left ventricular mechanical efficiency, the ratio between total pressure-volume area and blood flow rate, gradually decreased after STH-2 cardioplegia and was significantly reduced compared to STH-POL cardioplegia after 150 and 240 min (p<0.05 for both). Myocardial protection for two hours of polarizing cardioplegic arrest with STH-POL in oxygenated blood is non-inferior compared to STH-2 blood cardioplegia. STH-POL cardioplegia alleviates the mismatch between myocardial function and perfusion after weaning from CP
%K adenosine
%K esmolol
%K potassium
%K cardioplegic arrest
%K cardiac function
%K ventricular dysfunction
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0267659118791357