%0 Journal Article
%T Cardiac Injuries at Estonian Major Trauma Facilities: A 23
%A A. Lomp
%A A. Seljanko
%A M. Einberg
%A P. Talving
%A S. Saar
%A U. Lepner
%J Scandinavian Journal of Surgery
%@ 1799-7267
%D 2019
%R 10.1177/1457496918783726
%X Cardiac injuries are highly lethal lesions following trauma and most of the patients decease in pre-hospital settings. However, studies on cardiac trauma in Estonia are scarce. Thus, we set out to study cardiac injuries admitted to Estonian major trauma facilities during 23£¿years of Estonian independence. After the ethics review board approval, all consecutive patients with cardiac injuries per ICD-9 (861.0 and 861.1) and ICD-10 codes (S.26) admitted to the major trauma facilities between 1 January 1993 and 31 July 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Cardiac contusions were excluded. Data collected included demographics, injury profile, and in-hospital outcomes. Primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes were cardiac injury profile and hospital length of stay. During the study period, 37 patients were included. Mean age was 33.1£¿¡À£¿12.0£¿years and 92% were male. Penetrating and blunt trauma accounted for 89% and 11% of the cases, respectively. Thoracotomy and sternotomy rates for cardiac repair were 80% and 20%, respectively. Most frequently injured cardiac chamber was left ventricle at 49% followed by right ventricle, right atrium, and left atrium at 34%, 17%, and 3% of the patients, respectively. Multi-chamber injury was observed at 5% of the cases. Overall hospital length of stay was 13.5£¿¡À£¿16.7£¿days. Overall mortality was 22% (n£¿=£¿8) with uniformly fatal outcomes following left atrial and multi-chamber injuries. Overall, 37 patients with cardiac injuries were hospitalized to national major trauma facilities during the 23-year study period. The overall in-hospital mortality was 22% comparing favorably with previous reports. Risk factors for mortality were initial Glasgow Coma Scale£¿<£¿9, pre-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and alcohol intoxication
%K Cardiac injuries
%K incidence
%K injury profile
%K mortality
%K hospital length of stay
%K complications
%U https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1457496918783726