%0 Journal Article
%T Auto-Inflammation Test of Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) and Fuel Oil (FO) Mixes - Coke Formation
%J American Journal of Applied Chemistry
%@ 2330-8745
%D 2017
%X Increasing the value of heavy oil or vacuum resides was one of the challenge of petroleum industry. It has been neglected for technology improvement because the petroleum industry has focused on lighter crude oils and their distillable liquid fractions. The great problem was its conversion yields revealed a practical maximum limits that are imposed by petroleum poly-nuclear aromatics (PNA) of the petroleum macromolecules. Our objective in this manuscript was to understand and to show the black citric acid polymers (PN) effects to the value of fuel oil. Then, we have prepared FO/PN mixes samples and tested their auto-inflammation temperature. Coke was formed and quantified by hexane and dichloromethane extraction. The results showed that not only the auto-inflammation temperature of the mixes were largely lower than the ones of fuel oil and PN but also during the mixes combustion not inconsiderable alkenes such as prop-1-¨¨ne and its derivatives non-aromatics organic compounds were formed that the rest was insoluble in hexane solvent. The PN gave an added value to the fuel oil.
%K Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN)
%K Fuel Oil
%K Auto-inflammation
%K Hexane
%K Dichloromethane
%K Soluble Coke
%K Insoluble Coke
%U http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo?journalid=227&doi=10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11