%0 Journal Article
%T Activation of Interleukin-1 Beta in Arterialized Vein Grafts and the Influence of the -511C/T IL-1¦Â Gene Polymorphism
%A Ayumi Aurea Miyakawa
%A Joao Carlos Ribeiro-Silva
%A Jose Eduardo Krieger
%A Luciene Cristina Gastalho Campos
%A Luis Alberto Oliveira Dallan
%A Thais Gir£¿o-Silva
%A Thaiz Ferraz Borin
%J -
%D 2019
%R https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd6020020
%X Abstract The interleukin-1 family is associated with innate immunity and inflammation. The latter has been linked to the genesis of cardiovascular diseases. We, therefore, investigated whether interleukin-1 beta (IL-1¦Â) is activated during arterialization of vein grafts. First, we examined the activation of IL-1¦Â using the rat arterialized jugular vein serially sampled for up to 90 days. IL-1¦Â expression increased 18 times on day 1 in the arterialized rat jugular vein and remained five times above nonarterialized vein levels for up to 90 days. Similarly, IL-1¦Â expression increased early (1¨C5 days) in human vein graft autopsy samples compared with late phases (1¨C4 years). Activation was also detected in ex vivo arterialized human saphenous veins. Upon stratification of the results, we uncovered a T allele promoter attenuating effect in IL-1¦Â activation in response to hemodynamic stress. Altogether, the results show that IL-1¦Â is activated during arterialization of vein grafts in rats and humans, and this response is modulated by -511C/T IL-1¦Â gene polymorphism. It is tempting to speculate that the activation of IL-1¦Â, and consequently local inflammation, modulates early vascular remodeling and that the gene polymorphism may be useful in predicting outcomes or assisting in interventions. View Full-Tex
%K human saphenous vein
%K interleukin-1¦Â
%K vein graft
%K gene polymorphisms
%U https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/6/2/20