%0 Journal Article
%T The Soninke Civilization: The Societal Organization and Its Flaws
%A Issa Gadjigo
%J Advances in Anthropology
%P 84-102
%@ 2163-9361
%D 2022
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/aa.2022.122007
%X This article studies the contemporary <i>Soninke</i> societal organization and its
flaws. The <i>Soninke </i>families called &lt;i&gt;<i>xabiilo</i>&lt;/i&gt;(clans) are stratified
hieratically, but <span>profoundly characterized
by some social inequalities. According to the societal </span>classification,
each &lt;i&gt;<i>xabiila</i>&lt;/i&gt;
(clan)<i> </i>is in charge of a social
function that must be ensured religiously and continuously.<i> </i>Thus it is in a societal dynamic characterized by some social
inequalities (difference between people and endogamy) that the &lt;i&gt;<i>xabiilo</i>&lt;/i&gt; maintain some
reciprocal relationships through the &lt;i&gt;<i>laadani </i>&lt;/i&gt; (customs). In spite of being thought to be the
backbone of the <i>Soninke</i> societal
organization, that stratification is biased by some social inequalities.
%K Soninke
%K Society
%K xabiilo
%K laadani
%K Societal
%K Organization
%K Inequalities
%K Functions
%K Clan
%K Hierarchal
%K Rank
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=117525