%0 Journal Article
%T Analyses of Reaction Mechanisms among Different Sulfonation Reagents and <i>m</i>-Diphenylamine and Crystal Structures of the Formed Compounds
%A Dongdong Chen
%A Chundong Mi
%A Menglan Yuan
%A Aiquan Jia
%A Qian-Feng Zhang
%J Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
%P 84-97
%@ 2327-6053
%D 2024
%I Scientific Research Publishing
%R 10.4236/msce.2024.124007
%X In the traditional process, <i>m</i>-phenylenediamine reacts with fuming sulfuric acid at high temperature to get intermediates, and then after dehydration occurs intramolecular rearrangement to get 2,4-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid. Traditional methods need to consume a lot of fuming sulfuric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid, resulting in high industrial large-scale production cost, more waste, and posing a serious environmental pollution risk. In this thesis, three different sulfonation reagents were used for the sulfonation reaction of <i>m</i>-phenylenediamine, and the reaction mechanisms and crystal structures of the three pathways were investigated. The three routes are: 1) one-step synthesis of monosulfonated compound <b>1</b> from raw material and sulfur trioxide (SO<sub>3</sub>); 2) rapid reaction of raw material and chlorosulfonic acid to synthesize bisulfonated compound <b>2</b>; 3) direct eutectic crystallization of raw material and ordinary sulfuric acid to obtain compound <b>3</b>. The crystal structure of the compounds synthesized by three paths was analyzed by X-ray single crystal diffraction, and compound <b>1</b> was characterized by NMR, Fourier infrared spectra, UV-visible spectrum and Mass spectrometry. The one-step synthesis of SO<sub>3</sub> as a sulfonation reagent has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple operation and low cost.
%K 2
%K 4-Diaminobenzenesulfonic Acid
%K Sulfur Trioxide (SO&lt
%K sub&gt
%K 3&lt
%K /sub&gt
%K )
%K Spectrometry
%K Crystal Structure
%U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=132748