%0 Journal Article %T INF-γ and IL-2 Profile as Therapeutic Markers in Tuberculosis Patients at the Jamot Hospital of Yaounde-Cameroon %A Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi %A Jacky Njiki-Bikoï %A Esther Del-Florence Moni Ndedi %A Donatien Serge Mbaga %A Elsa Nguiffo Makue %A André %A Chris Mikangue Mbongue %A Koko-Ta Ladiff Sharonne %A Martha Mesembe %A Justin Olivier Essindi %A Aï %A cha Ngoutane %A Arnaud Franck Elang %A Sabine Aimé %A e Touangnou-Chamda %A George Ikomey Mondinde %A Eric Walter Perfura-Yone %A Marie Joseph Nkodo Mindimi %A Sara Honorine Riwom Essama %J Journal of Tuberculosis Research %P 119-128 %@ 2329-8448 %D 2024 %I Scientific Research Publishing %R 10.4236/jtr.2024.122008 %X Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top lethal infectious diseases worldwide. In recent years, interferon-γ (INF-γ) release assays (IGRAs) have been established as routine tests for diagnosing TB infection. However, produced INF-γ assessment cannot permit to distinguish active ATB from latent TB infection (LTBI), especially in TB epidemic areas. In addition to IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted by activated T cells, is involved in immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This could be involved in the follow up of treatment response. The aim of our study was to determine IFN-γ and IL2 cytokines profiles of patients under antituberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: A six months’ cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, from May to August 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as 5 mL of blood were collected from each participant. INF-γ and IL-2 were determined using indirect Enzyme linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and spectrum exam in combination with radiography and GeneXpert were used as standard. P-values < 0.05 were interpreted as statistically significant. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0 Results: The results showed that men were more infected 14/61 (31.8%) with a high presence in active and resistant TB groups. The mean age was 41.3 ± 13.1 years with a 95% CI = [38.2 - 44.7], the age group with the highest infection rate was ranged between 31 and 40 years. The IL-2 and INF-γ means were respectively 327.6 ± 160.6 pg/mL and 26.6 ± 13.0 pg/mL in ATB patients, 251.1 ± 30.9 pg/mL and 21.4 ± 9.2 pg/mL in patients with resistant tuberculosis, while it was 149.3 ± 93.3 pg/mL and 17.9 ± 9.4 pg/mL in cured patients, 15.1 ± 8.4 pg/mL and 5.3 ± 2.6 pg/mL in participants presumed healthy (p < 0.0001). Significant differences in IFN-γ and IL-2rates were observed between the different groups. Conclusion: Monitoring the serum levels of INF-γ and IL-2 would be useful for the follow-up of anti-tuberculosis patients, particularly in the both cytokines association case. %K Tuberculosis %K Antituberculosis Treatment %K INF-γ %K %K IL-2 %K ELISA %U http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=133909