%0 Journal Article %T Incorporating sustainable development into carbon forest projects in Brazil and Bolivia %A May %A Peter %A Boyd %A Emily %A Chang %A Manyu %A Veiga Neto %A Fernando C. %J Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura %D 2005 %I Scientific Electronic Library Online %X can the clean development mechanism (cdm) bring local sustainable development benefits to low-income communities? cdm carbon forest projects may displace local peoples; plantations may cause environmental damage. but £¿win-win£¿ outcomes addressing both carbon emissions reductions and poverty alleviation may exist. empirical findings from brazil and bolivia illustrate that pilot schemes had only limited sustainable development benefits. top-down and with inadequate local stakeholder participation, they faced a number of barriers to sustainability. but they offered valuable learning opportunities, insights for future projects. guidelines are offered for integrating socio-economic concerns in global environmental projects. %K cdm %K forests %K stakeholders %K participation. %U http://socialsciences.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1413-05802005000100005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en