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Dec 26, 2025Open Access
Waste is usually produced from man’s activities and Nigeria is ranked among the top producers of waste globally, which is mostly from food and agriculture. This study evaluates the suitability of several agricultural wastes (sugarcane bagasse, coconut husk, groundnut shell, sawdust, palm kernel shell and corncobs) a composite blend (equal weight fraction of sugarcane bagasse, coconut husk, groundnut shell, sawdust, palm kernel shell and corncobs agricultural waste biomass were blended), and conv...
Dec 05, 2025Open Access
This study was undertaken to assess the ecological and human health risk assessment of soil samples from the vicinity of dumpsites in residential and selected Industrial layouts in Benue State. The physicochemical parameters of the samples, namely, pH, electrical conductivity, , , hardness, and particle size for soil samples were investigated. Heavy metal concentrations were analyzed using AAS. SEM images of industrial waste soils show a regular assemblage of particles. The XRD resul...
Nov 28, 2025Open Access
Seawater evaporation is the predominant method for global salt production, supplying over 300 million tonnes of sodium chloride annually. This review systematically examines foundational principles, calculation methodologies, real-world loss mechanisms, advanced pond geometries and materials, hybrid solar concentrator integrations, process monitoring and automation, seasonal adaptations, environmental and economic considerations, policy frameworks, and future research directions. Expanding upon ...
Nov 18, 2025Open Access
This study quantified the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th, and 40K in soils from the Lumoru Dumpsite, Bungoma County, Kenya, using a NaI (Tl) gamma spectrometer. The mean concentrations were 7 ± 0.4 Bq/kg for 238U, 57 ± 2.0 Bq/kg for 232Th, and 25 ± 1.3 Bq/kg for 40K. From these values, the absorbed dose rate was estimated at 39 ± 3.4 nGy/h, the outdoor annual effective dose equivalent at 0.09 ± 0.01 m...
Jul 25, 2025Open Access
The environmental concerns about microplastics are growing among scientists, policymakers, and the public. Plastic particles smaller than 5 mm are known as microplastics, and they come from a variety of primary sources, including personal care products and industrial abrasives. Additionally, they come from secondary sources like the degradation of larger plastics. A growing number of these particles have been found in soil, aquatic systems, and even atmospheric samples, highlighting the urgent n...
Jul 17, 2025Open Access
A growing concern among the global population is the presence of Micro-plastics (MPs) and Nanoplastics (NPs) within various environmental compartments due to their pervasive, persistent presence. Through atmospheric, aquatic, terrestrial, and biological pathways, these particles enter and traverse ecosystems as a result of fragmentation of larger plastics and primary sources such as industrial abrasives and cosmetics. Since they are widely distributed, their presence in soil, freshwater, marine ...
Mar 26, 2025Open Access
Solar energy is becoming a viable and alternative renewable energy source. The sun generates solar energy, whereas fossil fuels are extracted, which is detrimental to the environment. The availability of fossil fuels is diminishing, although solar energy is plentiful. The utilization of fossil fuels to fulfil our requirements, such as electricity, produces energy applicable to diverse purposes. The combustion of fossil fuels generates detrimental gasses, resulting in air, water, and soil polluti...
Jan 02, 2025Open Access
This study presents the result of a quality assessment of some sachet water sold and consumed in Ishiagu. Four sachets from each Triplicate batch of the six different brands of 50 cL sachet water were sampled from commonly patronized retail shops by the inhabitants of the study areas, physically ex-amined and assessed for their physicochemical and microbiological param-eters using standard analytical procedures to ascertain the level of compli-ance with World Health Organization (WHO) and Nation...
Jul 03, 2024Open Access
The objective of this work was to valorize shrimp shell waste to produce chitosan by using an experimental design for the extraction. The centered composite plan was used to optimize the extraction of chitosan. The influent factors were the caustic soda concentration, the temperature and the time. Results showed that the values of answers would adapt to a second-degree polynomial model. For statistical analysis, the R-square value obtained was greater than 98.80%; the Absolute Average (AAD) was ...
Apr 26, 2024Open Access
In reference to the contribution of natural and anthropogenic activities to pollution levels over Kenya, investigation of the changes in aerosol optical properties during COVID-19 lockdowns was assessed. To achieve its objective the present study used aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent (AE) and Single Scattering Albedo (SSA) from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite sensors, to analyze the variations in aerosol properti...
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